Emergência de plântulas de Copernicia alba (Morong ex Morong e Britton) em função da escarificação mecânica e imersão de sementes em água corrente

Abstract

Emergência de plântulas de Copernicia alba (Morong ex Morong e Britton) em função da escarificação mecânica e imersão de sementes em água corrente (1,2) RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a emergência de plântulas de Copernicia alba em função da escarificação mecânica e imersão das sementes em água corrente. As sementes foram submetidas a duas formas de escarifição mecânica -escarificação na região do hilo e escarificação na região e no lado oposto ao hilo -e a três tempos de imersão em água corrente -24, 48 e 72 horas. Os tratamentos foram comparados com testemunhas sem escarificação e sem embebição. A escarificação mecânica foi feita manualmente com uma lixa nº 100. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3x4, com quatro repetições de 20 sementes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A causa da dormência em sementes de Copernicia alba é de natureza física, sendo devida à dureza de seu endocarpo. A escarificação mecânica não foi eficiente para acelerar a emergência de plântulas, e a imersão das sementes em água corrente por 24 ou 48 horas foi eficaz para a superação da dormência em sementes desta espécie. Palavras-chave: Arecaceae, carandá, palmeira, dormência. ABSTRACT Emergence of Copernicia alba (Morong ex Morong and Britton) seedlings in function of mechanical scarification and seed immersion in running waterThis study aimed to evaluate the emergence of Copernicia alba seedlings in function of mechanical scarification and seed washing in running water. The Seeds were submitted to two forms of mechanical escarification (scarification in the region of hilum and scarification in the and region the opposite side to hilum) and three times of immersion in current water (24, 48 and 72 hours). The treatments were compared with controls (without scarification and without immersion). Scarification mechanical was performed manually with assists of no 100 sandpaper. After treatment, seeding was performed on sand substrate. A completely randomized experimental design was adopted, in a 3×4 factorial combination, with four replicates of 20 seeds. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey's test at 5% probability. The cause of dormancy in Copernicia alba seeds is physical in nature, due to the hardness of its endocarp. The scarification mechanics was not efficient to speed up the emergence of seedlings and is immersion of the seeds of C alba in running water for 24 or 48 hours was efficient to overcome dormancy in seeds of this species.

Water immersion and one-year storage influence seed germination of Copernicia alba palm tree from a neotropical wetland

“…Fresh-harvested seeds germinated 84% (Fig. 2a), indicating a high germination percentage, with no primary dormancy type, contrary to previous studies (Fava and Albuquerque 2011). Genetic factors may affect seed germination by influencing seed viability and quality in the same specie from different areas (Soler-Guilhen et al 2020).…”

“…After water immersion treatments (at room temperature and hot water), we set seed germination test in a rolled paper towel (germitest paper) moistened with 2.5 times dry paperweight in distilled water (Brasil 2009). The rolls were kept inside plastic bags to avoid water loss and incubated in alternating temperatures of 20-30°C (Fava and Albuquerque 2011) under a 12 h photoperiod of fluorescent light (4 x 20 W). We daily recorded germination for up to 45 days, considering germinated seeds with radicle protrusion ≥2 mm.…”

“…According to the literature, palm seeds display morphophysiological dormancy due to underdeveloped embryos (Baskin and Baskin 2014) and the thick endocarp that hinders embryo growth (Carvalho et al 2015;Oliveira et al 2013;Pérez 2009). To overcome dormancy, water treatments have been used to optimize and accelerate the germination process of palm seeds by facilitating oxygen absorption and losing mechanical restrictions of the surrounding tissues (e.g., Bovi 1990;Martin et al 1996;Ferreira and Gentil 2006;Fava and Albuquerque 2011;Rubio Neto et al 2012;Pinto et al 2012;Goudel et al 2013). On the other hand, hot-water treatments (~75°C) have been tested on the germination of tropical palm seeds but may not promote a dormancy-break (Martin et al 1996;Rodrigues-Junior et al 2016).…”

Phenology of Copernicia alba in Flooded and Not Flooded Environments

“…The estimated carandá area in the Pantanal vegetation is 2.3%, the second most representative monotypic formation. The carandá is also found in phytophysiognomies known as mixed forests, where semi-deciduous forest species are found associated with balloon vine (Tabebuia aurea (Manso) B. and H.) (Fava & Albuquerque, 2011).…”

PHENOLOGY OF Copernicia alba IN FLOODED AND NOT FLOODED ENVIRONMENTS

“…The estimated carandá area in the Pantanal vegetation is 2.3%, the second most representative monotypic formation. The carandá is also found in phytophysiognomies known as mixed forests, where semi-deciduous forest species are found associated with balloon vine (Tabebuia aurea (Manso) B. and H. (FAVA;ALBUQUERQUE, 2011).…”