Emergency Contraception and Ectopic Pregnancy: Report of 2 Cases

Ectopic Pregnancy After Removal of Levonorgestrel Implants: a Review of Two Case Series in a Resource Low-setting in Sub-Sahara Africa

“…In our series presented no infection was identified after a complete workup and intraoperative laparoscopy showed no sequelae of infection as the tubes were normal. Many cases of EP in the course of emergency contraception (EC) with levonorgestrel have been published in recent literature (1,5) . The possible relationship between EC and EP is due to the high dose of progesterone on ciliary function.…”

“…Prolonged exposure to LNG in implants for a long period of time may lead to mucosal damage and decreased ciliary motility (4) . Several original research and case reports have been published on the relationship between LNG as emergency contraception and ectopic pregnancy (EP) (1,5,6) . A recent systematic review in 2015 showed EP is more common if LNG containing implants is used compared to implants containing other hormones (4) .…”

Ectopic pregnancy following levonorgestrel emergency contraception: a case report

“…Altering the capacity of sperms and making cervical mucus of a consistency to prevent sperm motility into the cervical canal are also common effects of LNG-ECP (1-3). The most effective period of LNG for EC has been reported to be in the preovulatory follicular phase (3,5). Use of LNG-ECP after the ovulatory period and an increased interval between the unprotected intercourse and beginning of treatment have been described as main causes of failure (5).…”

“…Tubal mucosal damage secondary to either pelvic infections or previous surgery and tubal motility changes due to the use of hormonal contraceptive methods are the known causes of tubal ectopic pregnancy (4). Beyond the theoretical relationship between the LNG-ECP and ectopic pregnancy, several case reports of extrauterine pregnancies have been published after using LNG as EC (5). Here, we present a patient with ectopic pregnancy after using LNG for EC.…”

Intrauterine Pregnancy After Salpingectomy for Tubal Pregnancy Due to Emergency Contraception: A Case Report

“…4 Most recently, the use of 750 µg of levonorgestrel as an emergency contraceptive method has been identified as another risk factor for EP. [5][6][7][8] The diagnosis of an EP before rupture permits conservative treatment in order to preserve subsequent patient fertility. However, the conservative approach might be questioned because it is associated with a higher recurrence rate when compared with salpingectomy.…”