Emergency Contraception Review

Cleland, Kelly; Raymond, Elizabeth G.; Westley, Elizabeth; Trussell, James

doi:10.1097/grf.0000000000000056

Cited by 62 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…As an alternative, a copper intrauterine device (IUD) may be inserted as a form of EC up to 5 days following unprotected intercourse (Cleland, Raymond, Westley, & Trussell, 2014). The copper IUD is a small, T-shaped device wrapped in copper wire inserted into the uterus, which prevents fertilization by copper's cytotoxic effect on sperm and the increased inflammatory activity within the uterine cavity.…”

Section: Ec Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

U.S. Men’s Perceptions and Experiences of Emergency Contraceptives

et al. 2015

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Research suggests that men should be included in reproductive health decision making to help enhance positive health outcomes for their partners. Men affect the use of contraception and what method is used. Men's decisions may be affected by different factors such as gender, education, and the nature of their sexual relationship. A qualitative study was conducted to explore males' experiences and perceptions about emergency contraception (EC), and the meanings males assign to EC. Semistructured in-depth focus groups were held with 15 men who engage in heterosexual activity recruited from a university setting in the United States. Participants expressed egalitarian views of the contraception decision-making processes, a sense of responsibility regarding reproductive decision making, and that society has a negative stigma toward those who use EC. However, there was a lack of knowledge regarding the copper intrauterine device, which was not viewed as a method of EC. Exploring the role and needs of men in reproductive health care discussions and research is an important and growing area. Recommendations are provided for health care practitioners, policy, and future research around men and EC.

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Section: Ec Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

U.S. Men’s Perceptions and Experiences of Emergency Contraceptives

et al. 2015

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“…Emergency contraception (EC) is practiced by women, particularly for birth spacing and control. [1] The purpose of EC is to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. [12] If used correctly, EC can prevent 98% of unintended pregnancies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] The purpose of EC is to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. [12] If used correctly, EC can prevent 98% of unintended pregnancies. [34] A number of EC-related studies have been conducted in the Muslim world, particularly in Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and attitude about emergency contraception among Saudi women of childbearing age

Alharbi

Almujil

Alreshid

et al. 2019

J Family Med Prim Care

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Context: Emergency contraception (EC) use is rare in Saudi Arabia. Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of EC among Saudi women of childbearing age. Settings and Design: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study using a survey questionnaire tool. Materials and Methods: We conducted a survey of married women of childbearing age (18–45 years) attending the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January and April 2018. Statistical Analysis Used: Pearson's Chi-square test is used for this study. Results: This study included 370 of 525 (70.5%) women, with a mean age of 32.3 ± 6.3 years. Of these, 117 (31.6%) knew how to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex, and 62 knew about EC. Forty-two women (67.7%) thought EC should be widely advertised, and 30 (48.4%) thought it should be made available even without prescription. Forty-seven women (75.8%) said that they were not shy to ask for EC, and 37 (59.7%) claimed that both partners should decide about the use of EC. The most common reason for not using EC was medical concerns ( n = 30, 48.4%). Thirty three (53.2%) of the 62 women with knowledge about EC would use it immediately after sex. Knowledge, awareness, and use of EC were significantly correlated with higher monthly income, educated women, having three or more children, and working women. Conclusions: Among Saudi women, knowledge, awareness, and use of EC remain low, although a positive attitude for future use of EC exists. Health information campaigns are necessary to reach women, particularly those of low socioeconomic status, less educated women, and housewives to explain EC, its availability, and its proper use.

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“…This finding suggests that women exposed to DVA are more likely to have unprotected sexual intercourse, and therefore may need more emergency contraception (EC), than those women who are not exposed to DVA. EC with oral (hormonal contraceptive pills levonorgestrel, or ulipristal acetate) or intrauterine (copper intrauterine device) method is an evidence-based intervention for preventing unintended pregnancy [ 13 , 14 ]. However, the recent reviews [ 11 , 12 ] included only one study that had EC use as an outcome [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of emergency contraception among women with experience of domestic violence and abuse: a systematic review

Lewis¹,

Moore

Feder

et al. 2018

BMC Women's Health

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BackgroundExposure to domestic violence and abuse (DVA) results in a reduction of women’s use of regular contraceptives. This evidence suggests that women exposed to DVA are more likely to have unprotected sexual intercourse and therefore may use more emergency contraception (EC) than those women who are not exposed to DVA. We aimed to test this hypothesis through evaluating the evidence for an association between exposure to DVA and use of EC.MethodsWe systematically searched eight electronic databases from inception until December 2017, checked references and citations, and contacted corresponding authors. Primary studies that evaluated the association between exposure to DVA and use of EC were included. Two reviewers were involved in screening, data extraction, quality assessment and analysis. We evaluated the quality of included studies with the adapted Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We used tables and descriptive text to summarise and synthesise the data. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each estimate of the association between DVA and use of EC were plotted on a forest plot.ResultsOur search retrieved 1216 records of which six studies with 15,297 women were included. Five studies were observational; one study included intervention on the outcome (advance supply of EC). All studies were at high risk of bias. Four studies provided evidence of an association between DVA and EC use – ORs from 1.51 (95% CI 1.13, 2.02) to 6.50 (95% CI 4.15, 10.17). Two studies found no evidence of a such association – ORs 0.46 (95% CI 0.11, 1.96) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.29, 1.98). The latter differed by how the authors recruited participants, measured EC use and adjusted for confounders.ConclusionsThis systematic review provides some evidence of increased use of EC among women exposed to DVA. Request for EC can indicate possible exposure to DVA. Therefore, each consultation for EC could be an appropriate context for clinical enquiry about DVA and signposting/referral to specialist DVA services.Protocol registrationPROSPERO CRD42017058221.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12905-018-0652-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Emergency Contraception Review

Cited by 62 publications

References 50 publications

U.S. Men’s Perceptions and Experiences of Emergency Contraceptives

U.S. Men’s Perceptions and Experiences of Emergency Contraceptives

Knowledge and attitude about emergency contraception among Saudi women of childbearing age

Use of emergency contraception among women with experience of domestic violence and abuse: a systematic review

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