Emergency contraception: unresolved clinical, ethical and legal quandaries still linger

Zaami, Simona; Signore, Fabrizio; Baffa, Alberto; Votino, R; Marinelli, Enrico; Rio, A Del

doi:10.23736/s0031-0808.20.03921-x

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A failure case is a case of the ineffectiveness of a contraceptive method used by birth control participants, which causes a positive birth control participant to become pregnant (13) . The cause of the failure in family planning services is the lack of field office planning staff.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Complications and Contraception Failure in East Java Province, Indonesia

2020

IJFMT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Family Planning Programs in Indonesia is carried out by means of contraception which is an effort to prevent pregnancy. These efforts can be temporary, can also be permanent. But until now there has not been a 100% ideal method of contraception, because ideally a contraception is seen from the effectiveness, safe, cheap, aesthetic, easy to obtain, does not require continuous motivation, and minimal side effects. Acceptors using reversible contraception (aged 15-45 years) have a 1.8 chance of contraceptive failure. Within 1 year of use, the reversible method fails as much as 1%. Achievement of cases of complications and contraceptive failure in fertile age couples in East Java can be seen that cases have increased from early January 2019 to the end of December 2019 with the achievement of 212 acceptors who experienced cases of failure failure and 90 acceptors who experienced complications in the province of Java. East in 2019. The failure of contraception can be caused by various things, namely because of the method itself, termination of the method by the acceptor, lack of discipline in using it or use errors. According to Lawrence Green, a person's health is influenced by two main factors namely behavioral factors and factors outside behavior. Consists of Prediposing Factor in the form of knowledge attitude, Enabling Factor and Reinforcing Factor.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Complications and Contraception Failure in East Java Province, Indonesia

2020

IJFMT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When these days are determined, couples can practice periodic abstinence or adopt some other method of either behavior or barrier at that time. The historical rhythm method has been replaced by other methods of natural family planning such as basic day counting methods, luteinizing hormone urine tests, and estrogen predictors of ovulation [36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Behavioral Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EC inhibits or delays ovulation. In the past, it has been suggested that it may also affect the receptivity of the endometrium [36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Behavioral Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Contraception. Literature Review. Experience in a Greek Center. Greece Used Methods

Tsikouras,

Hatzilazarou,

Bothou

et al. 2023

Obstetrics and Gynecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sexual liberation of women can now be taken for granted, and access to information is particularly easy, but even today there is still many lack of information about contraceptive methods. No method of contraception has a 100% guaranteed result as success depends on many factors such as faithful adherence to the instructions of family planning centers, age of the woman, the frequency of the sexual act, and of course the type of contraception. Emergency contraception refers to any method of contraception used after intercourse and before implantation. It differs from the medical termination of pregnancy, which has 75–89% effectiveness and copper IUDs. Contraception is used to stop the sperm from fertilizing the egg or to stop the fertilized egg from implantation in the uterus. All contraceptive methods require educational awareness and emergency contraception should not be used as normal contraceptive treatment. It does not fall into the sphere of moral dilemmas if it is taught correctly at the levels of primary and secondary education and in the family sphere. Undoubtedly, the organization of family planning centers for women of reproductive age as well as for teenagers is deemed necessary and should become a priority of every government.

show abstract

“…Mifepristone is a synthetic anti-progestogen that affects the progesterone receptors, which are necessary for maintaining pregnancy. Associated with a prostaglandin, it makes the embryo no longer viable, thus terminating the pregnancy [48]. It is taken orally, does not require surgery and anesthesia and, from a clinical standpoint, does not require hospitalization, although the whole process usually takes three days, since 48 h have to elapse between taking mifepristone and prostaglandin.…”

Section: Voluntary Termination Of Pregnancy Through Pharmacological Methods In Italy: the Time Limit And The Hospitalization Mandate In Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Right to Abortion at Risk in Times of COVID-19? The Italian State of Affairs within the European Context

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The COVID-19 health emergency has thrown the health systems of most European countries into a deep crisis, forcing them to call off and postpone all interventions deemed not essential or life-saving in order to focus most resources on the treatment of COVID-19 patients. To facilitate women who are experiencing difficulties in terminating their pregnancies in Italy, the Ministry of Health has adapted to the regulations in force in most European countries and issued new guidelines that allow medical abortion up to 63 days, i.e., 9 weeks of gestational age, without mandatory hospitalization. This decision was met with some controversy, based on the assumption that the abortion pill could “incentivize” women to resort to abortion more easily. In fact, statistical data show that in countries that have been using medical abortion for some time, the number of abortions has not increased. The authors expect that even in Italy, as is the case in other European countries, the use of telemedicine is likely to gradually increase as a safe and valuable option in the third phase of the health emergency. The authors argue that there is a need to favor pharmacological abortion by setting up adequately equipped counseling centers, as is the case in other European countries, limiting hospitalization to only a few particularly complex cases.

show abstract

Emergency contraception: unresolved clinical, ethical and legal quandaries still linger

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Determination of Complications and Contraception Failure in East Java Province, Indonesia

Determination of Complications and Contraception Failure in East Java Province, Indonesia

Emergency Contraception. Literature Review. Experience in a Greek Center. Greece Used Methods

Is the Right to Abortion at Risk in Times of COVID-19? The Italian State of Affairs within the European Context

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About