Emergency Department Management of Occupational Exposures: Cost Analysis of Rapid HIV Test

Kallenborn, J.Celeste; Price, Timothy G.; Carrico, Ruth; Davidson, Arthur

doi:10.1086/501902

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These findings were not unexpected. Indeed, several other studies have published similar results on test performance, 8 -11 cost-effectiveness, 12 and implementation of PEP provision in healthcare, 9 -14 as well as in other settings. 15,16 Our study suggests two other potential benefits from the introduction of a rapid test in the management of occupational exposures in the healthcare setting: a reduced number of source patients who remain untested, as observed in both the hospitals, and an increased reporting of occupational exposures, as observed in hospital B.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Benefits of a rapid HIV test for evaluation of the source patient after occupational exposure of healthcare workers

Puro

Francisci

Sighinolfi

et al. 2004

Journal of Hospital Infection

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Benefits of a rapid HIV test for evaluation of the source patient after occupational exposure of healthcare workers

Puro

Francisci

Sighinolfi

et al. 2004

Journal of Hospital Infection

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“…Designed as a point-of-care HIV test, OraQuick ® has been used in numerous settings including labor and delivery [11•], ambulatory clinical sites [12], emergency departments [13,14], hospital inpatient services [15] (Greenwald JL, unpublished data), correctional facilities [16], and for occupational exposures [17][18][19] Reveal ™ is considered reactive if both the red control line and central red test dot appear, negative if only the control line appears, and invalid if the control line does not appear (Fig. 2).…”

Section: The Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments Of 1988mentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid review of rapid HIV antibody tests

Greenwald¹,

Burstein²,

Pincus³

et al. 2006

Curr Infect Dis Rep

174

116

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Rapid HIV antibody tests recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration can help reduce unrecognized infections by improving access to testing in both clinical and nonclinical settings and increase the proportion of those tested who learn their results. Four rapid HIV antibody tests are now available in the United States; two are approved for use at point-of-care sites outside a traditional laboratory. All four tests are interpreted visually. Sites offering rapid HIV testing must periodically run external controls (known HIV-positive and HIV-negative specimens) and provide persons who undergo rapid testing a subject information sheet. This paper reviews the operating and performance characteristics, quality assurance and laboratory requirements, and HIV counseling implications of the currently available rapid HIV tests.

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“…Rapid tests play a critical role in the management of occupational exposures as having the HIV test result from the source patient will avoid unnecessary exposure to antiretrovirals if the source patient is HIV-negative [53]. The use of rapid HIV tests has also been shown to be cost-effective when managing occupational exposures among health care workers [54].…”

Section: Resource-constrained Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid HIV testing: A review of the literature and implications for the clinician

Franco‐Paredes

Téllez²,

Rı́o

2006

Curr HIV/AIDS Rep

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HIV counseling and testing services are critical for individuals to access HIV prevention and treatment. Unfortunately, the standard HIV testing algorithm is complex and includes the use of a sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA), followed by a Western blot if the EIA is positive. This process can take 1 week or longer. Therefore, innovative approaches that incorporate simpler diagnostic algorithms are needed to reach the large number of individuals who are not aware that they are HIV-infected. Currently available rapid HIV tests have demonstrated sensitivities and specificities comparable to those of standard HIV testing without the requirements of sophisticated laboratory resources or highly trained personnel. These rapid HIV tests are increasingly being used in various clinical scenarios to decrease the number of missed opportunities for detection of HIV-infection. Their use is particularly applicable in specific clinical and nonclinical settings; public health settings; labor and delivery wards; in the management of occupational exposures; and in resource-constrained settings. The overarching goals of achieving wide implementation of rapid HIV tests are to increase the number of individuals who are aware of their serostatus, to improve entry of persons with HIV into prevention and care services, and to prevent further HIV transmission.

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Emergency Department Management of Occupational Exposures: Cost Analysis of Rapid HIV Test

Abstract: When used as part of the evaluation and treatment of the HCW with an occupational exposure, the rapid HIV test results in substantial cost savings over the ELISA test .

Cited by 38 publications

References 6 publications

Benefits of a rapid HIV test for evaluation of the source patient after occupational exposure of healthcare workers

Benefits of a rapid HIV test for evaluation of the source patient after occupational exposure of healthcare workers

A rapid review of rapid HIV antibody tests

Rapid HIV testing: A review of the literature and implications for the clinician

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