Previously, the threat of bioterrorism was not taken seriously. Today, in the aftermath of 9À11, Americans know this threat can no longer be ignored. The effects of terrorism can be covert and can catch unsuspecting individuals off guard. In the event of an attack, Americans will look to hospital emergency departments as the first responders for all levels of care. Therefore, helping professionals such as physicians, nurses, and social workers employed in these departments must be prepared to assist with formulation and delivery of these plans. This implementation will require quick and accurate assessment and intervention strategies reflecting multiple levels of disaster preparedness. Suggestions are made for how to identify the threat related to bioterrorism and guidelines for plans to address this threat are postulated in an attempt to avoid further crisis and trauma toward all involved. Recommendations for future improvements in service delivery are made.Imagine this, the holiday shopping season is in full swing. Shoppers are milling around a new mall, excited that the holidays are here. Tourists from around the world mingle with shoppers from all over the United States. They are wrapped up in their own shopping lists, trying to figure out what to get for their family and friends. Holiday music can be heard piping through the sound system, adding to the excitement of the start of the holiday season.Through all of the hustle and bustle, no one notices the nondescript man walking around with the big shopping bag. He looks around