Emergency evacuation with incomplete information in the presence of obstacles

Li, Qiaoru; Gao, Yuechao; Chen, Liang; Kang, Zengxin

doi:10.1016/j.physa.2019.122068

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Combining evacuation exit modelling with agent-based simulations, the fire safety assessment of underground nuclear physics was conducted [34]. Path selection and evacuation strategies in case of complete or incomplete evacuation information were compared based on social force model [35]. An event-driven agent-based approach was proposed to model the fire emergency problem of ultra-high-rise elevator building [36].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety

Tian

2020

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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Rail transit stations with multifloor structures have been built in many cities to intensively utilize land resources and facilitate lives of community. However, being overcrowded with passengers results in high risks during daily operation. In response, this study conducted an emergency evacuation simulation and optimization in the three-dimensional (3D) space of “complex rail transit stations” (CRTSs). The aim of the paper is to provide a methodology to determine effective emergency evacuation strategies for CRTSs. The Lianglukou Rail Transit Station in Chongqing, China, was used as a case study and the AnyLogic simulation platform employed for simulating emergency evacuations. An emergency evacuation theoretical framework was established. The emergency evacuation strategies, including evacuation routes and evacuation times, were determined based on the theoretical demonstration. Simulation and optimization of emergency evacuation in the Lianglukou station were conducted. Accordingly, four main simulation results were obtained: (1) Escalators/stairs and turnstiles are key facilities in the evacuation; (2) Effective guidance for the evacuation is necessary in the public space of the station; (3) Passenger aggregation nodes should be guided for balanced evacuation; (4) Removing metal barriers is a useful evacuation optimization measure. The proposed research method and framework can be used by other CRTSs in the establishment of emergency evacuation strategies and effective optimization strategies to promote safety of transportation system. The research findings are beneficial to passengers in helping them provide valuable emergency evacuation guidance.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety

Tian

2020

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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“…Content may change prior to final publication. [54], the length of the obstacle (L), the distance to the exit (G), and the offset (P ) are three important attributes of the obstacle as shown in FIGURE 17. Among which, P is the distance between the center point of the obstacle and the exit on the same horizontal line.…”

Section: Volume 4 2020mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to test the feasibility of the obstacle avoidance rule, the comparison results of the simulation data of this paper and Ref. [54] are studied as FIGURE 18 shows. We can find that the simulation results are basically the same and there is no big difference, thus the rationality of the rule is verified.…”

Section: Volume 4 2020mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fuzzy-Theory-Based Cellular Automata Model for Pedestrian Evacuation From a Multiple-Exit Room

et al. 2020

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The exit selection behavior of pedestrians plays an important part in the process of evacuation. This paper proposes a cellular automata model based on fuzzy logic method for simulating the evacuation of pedestrians from a multiple-exit room. When pedestrians select the exit, the distance and density are adopted as two important input variables in the fuzzy logic method, and the probability of selecting each exit is defined as the output variable of fuzzy logic method. The output variable of fuzzy logic, exit width and herding behavior are combined to determine the target exit. The competitiveness of each pedestrian is calculated by logit model to solve the position conflicts among pedestrians. The validation of the model is demonstrated by comparing the simulation data with the real data. The effects of attributes of pedestrians, exits and obstacles on evacuation are studied in simulations. Results show that large public facilities should control the inflows of pedestrians, and the reasonable increase of the exit quantity and exit width are effective for improving the evacuation efficiency. In the design of buildings, obstacles need to be designed reasonably, which should not be too large or too small. At the same time, obstacles should be kept at a certain distance from the exit, so as to ease the exit congestion and improve the evacuation efficiency. This paper takes the advantages of fuzzy logic method to solve the exit selection problem, which can effectively integrate the robustness with physiological-based "perception-action" behavior, the experience knowledge of pedestrians and the perception information of the surrounding environment into the decision-making process. INDEX TERMS Cellular automata model, exit selection, fuzzy logic method, logit model, pedestrian evacuation I. INTRODUCTION

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“…There are two categories for pedestrian evacuation research, i.e., empirical methods [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and simulation methods [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. The results of the experiments can provide the basic data for the prediction of pedestrian evacuation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the simulation process of microscopic model, each pedestrian is regarded as a discrete individual. Typical representatives of the microscopic model are the social force, lattice gas, and cellular automaton models [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. In the social force model, the pedestrians can be considered as structureless particles and the movement is based on Newtonian mechanics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Behavior During Emergency Evacuation: Cell Transmission Model

Guo

2021

IEEE Access

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This paper presents an extended cell transmission model to simulate an emergency evacuation of crowd in a supermarket scenario. The supermarket scenario with a daily shopping, an emergency exit and multiple parallel shelves is discretized into a set of regular hexagonal cells. First, we verify the validity of the model by comparing the results of the model with actual data obtained from a reported pedestrian evacuation experiment. To improve the realism of the simulation, we then include three characteristics of human behavior, the unadventurous effect, inertial effect, and panic psychology, in the model as parameters and apply the extended model to the supermarket scenario. By analyzing the pedestrian density distribution, fundamental diagrams, route choice, and total evacuation time, we determine that the parameters have a significant influence on the evacuation process. By establishing a minimization model, we confirm that the total evacuation time is the least when the pedestrians' familiarity with the emergency exit is close to the ratio of the width of the emergency exit to the total width of the two exits. Moreover, by comparing two different methods to choose exits, we can conclude that the approach, by which all pedestrians choose the closer exit, is not always the most efficient evacuation strategy. This study is conducive to devise evacuation plans and design exit layouts in facilities similar to supermarkets. INDEX TERMS Cell transmission model; pedestrian evacuation; mathematical analysis; unadventurous effect; panic psychology

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Emergency evacuation with incomplete information in the presence of obstacles

Cited by 39 publications

References 36 publications

Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety

Emergency Evacuation Simulation and Optimization for a Complex Rail Transit Station: A Perspective of Promoting Transportation Safety

A Fuzzy-Theory-Based Cellular Automata Model for Pedestrian Evacuation From a Multiple-Exit Room

Human Behavior During Emergency Evacuation: Cell Transmission Model

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