Emergent magnetic monopoles in frustrated magnetic systems

“Color-Tripole Ice” as a Conceptual Generalization of “Spin Ice”

“…Spin ice is already a well studied subarea of condensed matter physics, with more than eleven hundred research works already published. In order to demonstrate that this is a very rich and fundamental subarea, with many research directions to pursue, I mention here some more published general reviews [16][17][18][19][20][21] on pyrochlore spin ices, and also some more abundantly cited research articles on several related research topics: (i) artificial two-dimensional spinice systems [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33], (ii) an artificial two-dimensional system called kagome ice [25,[34][35][36][37][38][39], which is defined on a kagome lattice and obeys a generalized ice rule, and (iii) pyrochlore spin ice in a moderately strong [111] magnetic field [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52], which is, to a very good approximation, a realization of decoupled layers of kagome ice. Injustice is inevitably done to many other good works not cited here, only because I wish to limit the size of the references list, since this paper is not meant to be a review article.…”