Emerging Answers: Research Findings on Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy (<i>Summary</i>)

Kirby, Douglas

doi:10.1080/19325037.2001.10603497

Cited by 603 publications

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“…Indeed, sexuality education has been shown to delay age at sexual debut, reduce risk behaviors, and lower rates of adolescent pregnancy and STIs. [39][40][41][42] Evidence suggests that sexuality education is most effective when young adults are exposed to it before they become sexually active, 43 in that behavioral patterns that promote or hinder sexual health and decisionmaking are formed during the school-going years (approximately ages 7-18 years) 44 and create an ideal window for intervention. Implementation of sexuality education in the primary school years would lay a foundation for healthy sexual habits and allow young adults, particularly young women, to make informed choices about their future sexual safety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Condom Use Among Young Adults in South Africa: The Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit National Youth Survey

et al. 2007

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Objectives. We examined correlates of condom use among a national random probability sample of sexually experienced young adults aged 15 to 24 years (n = 7686) in South Africa.Methods. Using data from the Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit National Youth Survey, we conducted gender-stratified bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to determine predictors of whether respondents had used a condom during their most recent sexual intercourse.Results. Condom use at sexual debut and talking with one's first sexual partner about condoms were the most significant predictors of condom use at most recent intercourse. Other significant predictors included high condom use selfefficacy, optimism about the future, and reported behavior change attributable to HIV/AIDS. Young adults who were married or had been involved in a relationship for 6 months or more were significantly less likely to have used a condom during their most recent sexual intercourse.Conclusions. Our findings point to the importance of exposing youths to sexuality education before their sexual debut as well as voluntary counseling and testing and programming that supports young adults, particularly young women, in making informed decisions about sexual intercourse and condoms. (Am J Public Health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Condom Use Among Young Adults in South Africa: The Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit National Youth Survey

et al. 2007

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“…Finally, plans to attend college are also related to initiation of sex, use of condoms, use of contraception, pregnancy, and childbearing (Blum, Buehring, & Rinehart, 2000;Halpern, Joyner, Udry, & Suchindran, 2000;Manlove, 1998;Moore, Manlove, Glei, & Morrison, 1998;Pleck, Sonenstein, & Swain, 1988;Plotnick, 1992;Scher, Emans, & Grace, 1982). Just as youth in communities with high rates of poverty and social disorganization are more likely to become pregnant (Kirby et al, 2001), so youth in schools with high rates of poverty and social disorganization are also more likely to become pregnant. In particular, when female teens attend schools with higher percentages of students receiving a free lunch (Manlove, 1998), with higher school dropout rates (Singh, 1986), and with higher rates of school vandalism (Chandy, Harris, Blum, & Resnick, 1994), they are more likely to become pregnant.…”

Section: Impact Of School Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of schools and school programs upon adolescent sexual behavior

Kirby

2002

Journal of Sex Research

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282

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“…A weak economy increases stress and anxiety (Catalano et al 2011) and depresses expectations and aspirations about the future (Guiliano and Spilimbergo 2009). These types of changes have been linked to increased teen sexual activity (Buhi and Goodson 2007;Carpenter 2005;Kirby 2001a;Vesely et al 2004). Moreover, Kearney and Levine (2012) argued that U.S. teens exhibit higher fertility when they face greater "despair" about the prospects of advancing economically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Wide Job Loss and Teenage Fertility: Evidence From North Carolina

2013

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Using North Carolina data for the period 1990-2010, we estimate the effects of economic downturns on the birthrates of 15-to 19-year-olds, using county-level business closings and layoffs as a plausibly exogenous source of variation in the strength of the local economy. We find little effect of job losses on the white teen birthrate. For black teens, however, job losses to 1 % of the working-age population decrease the birthrate by around 2 %. Birth declines start five months after the job loss and then last for more than one year. Linking the timing of job losses and conceptions suggests that black teen births decline because of increased terminations and perhaps also because of changes in prepregnancy behaviors. National data on risk behaviors also provide evidence that black teens reduce sexual activity and increase contraception use in response to job losses. Job losses seven to nine months after conception do not affect teen birthrates, indicating that teens do not anticipate job losses and lending confidence that job losses are "shocks" that can be viewed as quasi-experimental variation. We also find evidence that relatively advantaged black teens disproportionately abort after job losses, implying that the average child born to a black teen in the wake of job loss is relatively more disadvantaged.

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Emerging Answers: Research Findings on Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy (Summary)

Cited by 603 publications

References 0 publications

Predictors of Condom Use Among Young Adults in South Africa: The Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit National Youth Survey

Predictors of Condom Use Among Young Adults in South Africa: The Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit National Youth Survey

The impact of schools and school programs upon adolescent sexual behavior

Community-Wide Job Loss and Teenage Fertility: Evidence From North Carolina

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