Emerging cellular networks for regulation of T follicular helper cells

King, Charles M.; Sprent, Jonathan

doi:10.1016/j.it.2011.11.006

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 75 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Subsets of "immature" Tfh cells (precursors) are distributed in interfollicular zones of lymph nodes (LNs), where their differentiation is initiated (2), and they eventually migrate into germinal centers (GC), where they perform effector functions. Effector GC Tfh cells form stable contacts with GC B cells to provide direct help to naive B cells, promoting their development and maturation into antigen-specific, high-affinity memory B cells or antibody-secreting plasma cells, thereby ensuring long-term effective humoral immune responses (3). Classical GC Tfh cells are defined as CD4 ϩ T cells expressing high levels of CXCR5, PD-1, SLAM-associated protein, GL7, ICOS, and Bcl-6 (4,5).…”

Section: F Ollicular T Helper (Tfh) Cells Are a Class Of Helper Cd4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Drives Differentiation, Aberrant Accumulation, and Latent Infection of Germinal Center Follicular T Helper Cells

Wang

Malam

et al. 2016

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

CD4؉ follicular T helper ( IMPORTANCE Generation of antibodies that can effectively eliminate viruses requires interactions of B cells with highly specialized T cells in GCs of lymphoid tissues called follicular T helper cells.Here we show that in simian immunodeficiency virus infection, these cells are initially infected in a precursor stage that leads to alterations in their homing, accumulation, and function that may be responsible for the inability of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients to generate effective antibody responses.

show abstract

Section: F Ollicular T Helper (Tfh) Cells Are a Class Of Helper Cd4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Drives Differentiation, Aberrant Accumulation, and Latent Infection of Germinal Center Follicular T Helper Cells

Wang

Malam

et al. 2016

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Others have shown that FDC were a major source of HIV virions in the GC 64 and these FDC’s likely constitute a potential source of infection for Tfh cells during their interaction in the LN 65 . A number of studies have reported that CD8 T cells are rarely present in the GC 66,67 and if they do, they appear to be less cytotoxic than CD8 T cells in the periphery 68 . This may explain why Tfh cells within the GC environment harbor significantly higher levels of HIV when compared to CD4 T cells in other compartments 63 .…”

Section: Hiv Infection and Tfh Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion or Depletion of T Follicular Helper Cells During HIV Infection: Consequences for B cell Responses

Onabajo¹,

Mattapallil²

2014

CHR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HIV infection is characterized by aberrant B cell responses and B cell dysfunction. These dysfunctional responses have been extensively documented in peripheral blood and organized lymphoid tissues such as the lymph nodes. Though the loss of CD4 T cell help has been thought to play a key role in dysfunctional B cell responses, recent studies have implicated a subset of CD4 T helper cells called the T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in this process. Tfh cells interact with B cells and play a key role in mediating the germinal center reaction, and driving the differentiation and maturation of B cells. Why Tfh expand in some HIV infected individuals as compared to their loss in others is still not clear. Here we review some of the recent developments in the field and discuss the implications of Tfh cell dysregulation on B cell responses during HIV infection.

show abstract

“…Absence of Tfh cells lead to B-cell apoptosis, thereby preventing final B cell maturation and effective humoral immune responses (1). Mature Tfh cells residing in germinal centers (GC) of organized lymphoid tissue express CXCR5, PD-1 HIGH , SLAM-associated protein (SAP), GL7, ICOS and IL-21, and interact with GC B cells to provide direct help for B cell development and maturation into antigen-specific, high-affinity, memory B cells or antibody secreting plasma cells (2–5). Moreover, PD-1 is highly expressed on GC Tfh cells which are almost exclusively distributed in GC of follicles (6), and plays an important role in regulation and survival of GC B cells through interaction with its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Causes Ultimate Depletion of Follicular Th Cells in AIDS

Wang

Malam

et al. 2015

The Journal of Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Follicular CD4+ T helper (Tfh) cells are critical for the generation of humoral immune responses to pathogenic infections, providing help for B cell development, survival, and affinity maturation of antibodies. Although CD4+ Tfh cells are reported to accumulate in HIV or SIV infection, here we found that germinal center (GC) Tfh cells, defined here as CXCR5+PD-1HIGHCD4+ T cells, did not consistently accumulate in chronically SIV-infected rhesus macaques compared with those infected with less pathogenic SHIV, vaccinated and SIVmac-challenged, or SIVmac-infected Mamu-A*01+ macaques, all of which are associated with some control of virus replication and slower disease progression. Interestingly, CXCR5+PD-1HIGH Tfh cells in lymphoid tissues were eventually depleted in macaques with AIDS compared to the other cohorts. Chronic activation and proliferation of CXCR5+PD-1HIGH Tfh were increased, yet PD-L2 expression was downregulated on B cells, possibly resulting in GC Tfh cell apoptosis. Together, these findings suggest changes in CXCR5+PD-1HIGH Tfh cells in lymph nodes correlate with immune control during infection, and their loss or dysregulation contribute to impairment of B cell responses and progression to AIDS.

show abstract

Emerging cellular networks for regulation of T follicular helper cells

Cited by 26 publications

References 75 publications

Persistent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Drives Differentiation, Aberrant Accumulation, and Latent Infection of Germinal Center Follicular T Helper Cells

Persistent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Drives Differentiation, Aberrant Accumulation, and Latent Infection of Germinal Center Follicular T Helper Cells

Expansion or Depletion of T Follicular Helper Cells During HIV Infection: Consequences for B cell Responses

Persistent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Causes Ultimate Depletion of Follicular Th Cells in AIDS

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About