Emerging concepts on the mechanical interplay between migrating cells and microenvironment in vivo

Ventura, Guilherme; Sedzinski, Jakub

doi:10.3389/fcell.2022.961460

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Lastly, our model also suggests that radial intercalation, or the insertion of a cell into a stable epithelium, is not simply the reverse of cell extrusion. The precise biophysical events driving cells to migrate from a basal population toward the apical surface and insert are beginning to be elucidated (Rao and Kulkarni, 2021; Stubbs et al, 2006; Ventura and Sedzinski, 2022). At the conclusion of extrusion, the extruding cell is surrounded by a high order array of cell neighbors present from to the start of extrusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing mechanical agency during apical apoptotic cell extrusion

Anjum,

Turner,

Atieh

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Epithelial tissues maintain homeostasis through the continual addition and removal of cells. Homeostasis is necessary for epithelia to maintain barrier function and prevent the accumulation of defective cells. Unfit, excess, and dying cells can be removed from epithelia by the process of extrusion. Controlled cell death and extrusion in the epithelium of the larval zebrafish tail fin coincides with oscillation of cell area, both in the extruding cell and its neighbors. Both cell-autonomous and non-autonomous factors have been proposed to contribute to extrusion but have been challenging to test by experimental approaches. Here we develop a dynamic cell-based biophysical model that recapitulates the process of oscillatory cell extrusion to test and compare the relative contributions of these factors. Our model incorporates the mechanical properties of individual epithelial cells in a two-dimensional simulation as repelling active particles. The area of cells destined to extrude oscillates with varying durations or amplitudes, decreasing their mechanical contribution to the epithelium and surrendering their space to surrounding cells. Quantitative variations in cell shape and size during extrusion are visualized by a hybrid weighted Voronoi tessellation technique that renders individual cell mechanical properties directly into an epithelial sheet. To explore the role of autonomous and non-autonomous mechanics, we vary the biophysical properties and behaviors of extruding cells and neighbors such as the period and amplitude of repulsive forces, cell density, and tissue viscosity. Our data suggest that cell autonomous processes are major contributors to the dynamics of extrusion, with the mechanical microenvironment providing a less pronounced contribution. Our computational model based on in vivo data serves as a tool to provide insights into the cellular dynamics and localized changes in mechanics that promote elimination of unwanted cells from epithelia during homeostatic tissue maintenance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing mechanical agency during apical apoptotic cell extrusion

Anjum,

Turner,

Atieh

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Migration is an essential activity for MSCs to reach damaged sites and contribute to repair and differentiation. The migration of single cells occurs essentially by mesenchymal and amoeboid movement and numerous studies have been done by analyzing in vitro cell migration on different components of the ECM as well as on other biomaterials [60].…”

Section: Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Migration and the Fate of Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Lampiasi

2023

Biology

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Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from dental pulp and derived from the neural crest. They can differentiate into odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and nerve cells, and they play a role in tissue repair and regeneration. In fact, DPSCs, depending on the microenvironmental signals, can differentiate into odontoblasts and regenerate dentin or, when transplanted, replace/repair damaged neurons. Cell homing depends on recruitment and migration, and it is more effective and safer than cell transplantation. However, the main limitations of cell homing are the poor cell migration of MSCs and the limited information we have on the regulatory mechanism of the direct differentiation of MSCs. Different isolation methods used to recover DPSCs can yield different cell types. To date, most studies on DPSCs use the enzymatic isolation method, which prevents direct observation of cell migration. Instead, the explant method allows for the observation of single cells that can migrate at two different times and, therefore, could have different fates, for example, differentiation and self-renewal. DPSCs use mesenchymal and amoeboid migration modes with the formation of lamellipodia, filopodia and blebs, depending on the biochemical and biophysical signals of the microenvironment. Here, we present current knowledge on the possible intriguing role of cell migration, with particular attention to microenvironmental cues and mechanosensing properties, in the fate of DPSCs.

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“…1 Cancer, stromal, and immune cells receive and respond to mechanical cues in the microenvironment, adapting and subsequently changing their behaviors, a process known as mechanotransduction. 2 When cells adhere to the surrounding ECM, composed primarily of collagen type I, cell surface integrins coordinate mechanical signals to modify cellular migratory ability. 3,4 In metastasis, cancer cells use this ability to navigate the dense and disordered topography and physical properties of the primary tumor microenvironment to maneuver through the tissue towards the lymphatic system or bloodstream to spread throughout the body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%