Emerging drugs of abuse: current perspectives on synthetic cannabinoids

Debruyne, Danièle; Boisselier, Reynald Le

doi:10.2147/sar.s73586

Cited by 93 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…In our study, making no toxicological analysis may have led to the failure to diagnose some SC users. The frequency of SC use is estimated to be 2.8% in Germany and 4% in France (13,14). This rate in our study may not reflect real value.…”

Section: Prevalence-frequencycontrasting

confidence: 66%

Socio-demographic and Clinical Features of Young Adult Males Using Synthetic Cannabinoid (English)

Öznur¹,

Öznur²,

Bolu³

et al. 2018

J Clin Psy

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SUMMARYObject: Synthetic Cannabinoid (SC) use is becoming more widespread throughout the world. Studies that revealed user profiles indicate that the drug is especially popular among young men. Knowledge on sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and motivation for SC users in our country is limited. On the other hand, in spite of the increase of information known about symptoms of acute intoxication of SC use, physical and psychiatric consequences and loss of function due to longterm use of SC is limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate socio-demographic and clinical characteristics associated with SC use and the negative consequences caused by the use of SC. Methods: 166 male patients who admitted to the psychiatric outpatient clinic due to SC use disorder between November 2014 to April 2015 were enrolled in the study. Demographic data of patients, substance use characteristics, familial substance use, reasons for substance use, medical history, the problems related to drug use was questioned. Results: The age of onset for SC use was found to be 17.25 ± 2.30. SC using duration was 3.79 ± 2.15 years. The most common agents accompanying SC use were smoking (95.8%) and cannabis (88.6%). It was determined that 62.7% developed suicidal ideas due to SC use. Among psychiatric side effects, most common were euphoria, hallucinations, skepticism and suicidal ideation. About 1/3 of cases were found to live loss of business and legal issues depending on long-term SC use. 76.5% of the patients' consumed SC through inhalation and 22.9 % orally. It was determined that oral users began SC use at an earlier age than users via inhalation. Discussion: Despite the physical, mental, occupational, social and legal problems caused by the use of SC, it has become an important public health problem, especially among young men. Effective intervention programs for the use of outbreaking SCs need to be developed.

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Section: Prevalence-frequencycontrasting

confidence: 66%

Socio-demographic and Clinical Features of Young Adult Males Using Synthetic Cannabinoid (English)

Öznur¹,

Öznur²,

Bolu³

et al. 2018

J Clin Psy

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“…In our cohort, 21 patients (32%) were screened for synthetic cannabinoids in the urine, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry presents sufficient sensitivity to quantify synthetic cannabinoids in biological fluids such as urine [33,34]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with acute drug intoxication admitted to ICU

Orsini

Din

Elahi

et al. 2017

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

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Background: Drug overdose continues to be the most common cause of acute poisoning worldwide. There has been a substantial increase in drug overdose incidence and prevalence over the past decade, probably as a result of the emergence of new synthetic designer drugs. The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with acute drug intoxication admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods: A single center, prospective, observational study was conducted among all adult patients with clinical signs suggestive of acute drug intoxication admitted from the Emergency Department (ED) to ICU during a 6-month period (September to March). Results: Sixty-five patients were admitted. Their median age was 49 years (mean 48.2, range 20–72), and the majority were male (48, 74%). Median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score on admission to ICU was 6 (mean 6, range 0–13). Fifty-five patients (85%) had a positive urine and/or serum toxicology screen. Most commonly detected substances were: opiates (18, 33%), cocaine (13, 24%), methadone (12, 22%), benzodiazepines (10, 18%), and marijuana (9, 16%). In 16 patients (29%), >1 substance was isolated. Twenty-three patients (35%) had negative urine toxicology screen. Ethyl alcohol was detected in the serum of 23 patients (35%). Five patients (8%) expired in ICU. Conclusion: Classic recreational drugs remain the most common substances involved in acute drug poisoning. More sensitive detection methods are warranted to identify new designer drugs of abuse such as synthetic cannabinoids.

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“…Given their synaptic plasticity, the cannabinoid receptor can recognize multiple classes of these compounds [14]. The potentially more dangerous effects of SCs compared with natural cannabis are probably due to a higher affinity of SCs with the CB1 receptor [15]. SC compounds lack CBD and are similar to high-potency natural cananbis (high THC and low CBD levels).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Scsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic cannabinoids: characteristics, use and clinical implications

Hervás¹

2017

Arch Psych Psych

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Synthetic cannabinoids are chemicals that bind to cannabinoid receptors and produce effects similar to those of tetrahydrocannabinol. Although initially designed as possible pharmacological tools, they are currently one of the most important of the so-called new drugs. Some of these cannabinoids are extremely potent and have serious effects on the health of the users who are primarily young people. Its use can affect the behavior unpredictably (many users do not really know what they are consuming), and produce more adverse consequences than marijuana.This article reviews the most important characteristics of these substances, the consequences of their consumption and the clinical implications that derive from it.

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Emerging drugs of abuse: current perspectives on synthetic cannabinoids

Cited by 93 publications

References 116 publications

Socio-demographic and Clinical Features of Young Adult Males Using Synthetic Cannabinoid (English)

Socio-demographic and Clinical Features of Young Adult Males Using Synthetic Cannabinoid (English)

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with acute drug intoxication admitted to ICU

Synthetic cannabinoids: characteristics, use and clinical implications

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