Emerging evidence linking the gut microbiome to neurologic disorders

Griffiths, Jessica; Mazmanian, Sarkis K.

doi:10.1186/s13073-018-0609-3

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Recent studies have shown that perturbations in the normal structure of microbiome have a close relationship with human health and disease [ 19 , 31 , 32 ] and there is mounting evidence that alterations of the GI microbiome may influence neurological disorders and autistic behavior [ 48 ]. The shift of microbial communities in the oral cavity in these diseases is being increasingly studied to look at possible early diagnostic markers [ 25 , 35 , 36 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Associations Among Alteration of Salivary miRNAs, Saliva Microbiome Structure, and Cognitive Impairments in Autistic Children

Ragusa

Santagati

Mirabella

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Recent evidence has demonstrated that salivary molecules, as well as bacterial populations, can be perturbed by several pathological conditions, including neuro-psychiatric diseases. This relationship between brain functionality and saliva composition could be exploited to unveil new pathological mechanisms of elusive diseases, such as Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We performed a combined approach of miRNA expression profiling by NanoString technology, followed by validation experiments in qPCR, and 16S rRNA microbiome analysis on saliva from 53 ASD and 27 neurologically unaffected control (NUC) children. MiR-29a-3p and miR-141-3p were upregulated, while miR-16-5p, let-7b-5p, and miR-451a were downregulated in ASD compared to NUCs. Microbiome analysis on the same subjects revealed that Rothia, Filifactor, Actinobacillus, Weeksellaceae, Ralstonia, Pasteurellaceae, and Aggregatibacter increased their abundance in ASD patients, while Tannerella, Moryella and TM7-3 decreased. Variations of both miRNAs and microbes were statistically associated to different neuropsychological scores related to anomalies in social interaction and communication. Among miRNA/bacteria associations, the most relevant was the negative correlation between salivary miR-141-3p expression and Tannerella abundance. MiRNA and microbiome dysregulations found in the saliva of ASD children are potentially associated with cognitive impairments of the subjects. Furthermore, a potential cross-talking between circulating miRNAs and resident bacteria could occur in saliva of ASD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Associations Among Alteration of Salivary miRNAs, Saliva Microbiome Structure, and Cognitive Impairments in Autistic Children

Ragusa

Santagati

Mirabella

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Multiple recent reports further suggest that GI-tract dysbiosis and "leaky gut syndrome" constitute a vastly under-appreciated, under-studied and critical pathophysiological passageway for transport of GI-tract microbiome-derived neurotoxins across GI-tract and blood-brain biological barriers resulting in an age-related progression from systemic inflammation to neurovascular disease to CNS inflammation and degeneration that progressively contribute to critical aspects of neuropathology associated with age-related neurodegenerative disorders. These include neuropathological disorders such as AD, anxiety, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), depression, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease (PD), prion disease, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and other incapacitating and/or ultimately lethal neurological diseases of the human CNS (Hill et al, 2014a,b;Köhler et al, 2016;Li and Yu, 2017;Varatharaj and Galea, 2017;Zhao et al, 2017aZhao et al, ,b, 2019Griffiths and Mazmanian, 2018;Di Lorenzo et al, 2019;Fox et al, 2019;Patrick et al, 2019;Sarkar and Banerjee, 2019).…”

Section: Gastrointestinal (Gi)-tract and Blood Brain Barrier (Bbb) Dymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract Microbiome-Derived Neurotoxins—Potent Neuro-Inflammatory Signals From the GI Tract via the Systemic Circulation Into the Brain

Lukiw

2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Fourth, in the non-healthy group, we pooled samples from only twelve disease or abnormal bodyweight conditions. Certainly, many more pathological states have been linked to the gut microbiome, including neuro-degenerative and psychiatric disorders [62][63][64] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Index for Predicting Health Status Using Species-level Gut Microbiome Profiling

Gupta

Kim

Bakshi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The development of a biologically-interpretable and robust metric that provides clear insight into the general health status (i.e. healthy or non-healthy) of one's gut microbiome remains an important target in human microbiome research. We introduce the Gut Microbiome Health Index (GMHI), a mathematical formula that determines the degree to which a gut microbiome profile reflects good or adverse health. GMHI was formulated based on microbial species specific to healthy gut ecosystems. These species were identified through a multi-study, integrative analysis on 4,347 human stool metagenomes from 34 published studies across healthy and 12 different disease or abnormal bodyweight conditions. When demonstrated on our population-scale meta-dataset, GMHI is the most robust and consistent predictor of general health compared to α-diversity indices commonly considered as markers for gut health. Validation of GMHI on 679 samples from 9 additional studies resulted in remarkable reproducibility in distinguishing healthy and non-healthy groups. Our findings suggest that gut taxonomic signatures can indeed serve as robust predictors of general health, and highlight the importance of how data sharing efforts can provide broadly-applicable novel discoveries.

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Emerging evidence linking the gut microbiome to neurologic disorders

Cited by 41 publications

References 11 publications

Potential Associations Among Alteration of Salivary miRNAs, Saliva Microbiome Structure, and Cognitive Impairments in Autistic Children

Potential Associations Among Alteration of Salivary miRNAs, Saliva Microbiome Structure, and Cognitive Impairments in Autistic Children

Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract Microbiome-Derived Neurotoxins—Potent Neuro-Inflammatory Signals From the GI Tract via the Systemic Circulation Into the Brain

A Novel Index for Predicting Health Status Using Species-level Gut Microbiome Profiling

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