Emerging HIV Epidemic in the North-Eastern State of Assam, India: An Exploratory Study Using Mixed-Methods Approach

Bhattacharjya, Chiranjeev; Pathak, Giridhar; Mahanta, Tulika Goswami; Singh, Yagespari; Deka, Ranjanjyoti; Sen, Mitali; Deb, Alok Kr.

doi:10.4236/wja.2018.81003

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…1 A study by Bhattacharjya et al also showed that the two southern districts-Cachar et al have the highest percentage of cases around 25% in comparison with other districts. 2 In India, the prevalence of HIV infection in pregnant women ranges from 0.7% to 1.2%. 3 Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia occurs as a continuum of atypical metaplasia caused as a result of persistent HPV infection due to immune suppression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on cervical cytopathology in HIV positive pregnant women in Southern part of Assam, India

Choudhury

Acharyya

2021

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: The association between abnormal cervical cytology and HIV infection status in pregnant women was evaluated to correlate with CD4 cell count, viral load and ART compliance in HIV positive pregnant patients with the presence of ASC-US, LSIL and HSIL.Methods: Cervical samples were collected at the Antenatal Clinic of Silchar Medical College and Hospital. An Ayre’s spatula was used to collect samples from the ectocervix and a cytology brush to collect samples from the endocervix.Results: Of a total of 75 antenatal attendees, 43 were HIV positive and 32 were HIV negative. Abnormal cytology (N=26, 60.46%) was more common in HIV positive group compared to the HIV negative group (N=7, 21.87%) with a p value of <0.05. Cytological abnormalities were found to be associated with immunosuppression, defined as CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 and was also associated with high viral load(>10,000/mm3) and poor treatment follow up with ART.Conclusions: HIV positive pregnant women are more likely to have cervical lesions as compared to the HIV negative. This higher frequency of abnormal findings in PAP cytology in HIV positive pregnant women with higher viral loads suggest association between preinvasive cervical lesions and human immune deficiency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on cervical cytopathology in HIV positive pregnant women in Southern part of Assam, India

Choudhury

Acharyya

2021

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Clinical Profile of HIV/AIDS in Women in a Tertiary Care Centre of District Kamrup (Metro) in Assam - An Observational Study

Baishya¹,

Nath²,

Nath³

et al. 2021

jemds

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BACKGROUND HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic with a national adult (15-49 yrs) prevalence of 0.22 % (NACO 2019) and females constituted around 44 % of the total estimated people living with HIV (PLHIV). HIV infection in women occurs mostly in their reproductive years which leads to transmission to the child thereby comprising the most common mode of acquiring HIV infection in children < 15 yrs. Women account for more than 70 % of the caregivers of seropositive spouses or other family members. This study was conducted to explore the reasons behind increasing HIV prevalence among adult women in the region including their demographic profile, transmission dynamics and clinical profile of HIV/AIDS. METHODS This is a hospital-based observational study among 100 selected adult female patients with HIV/AIDS (as per NACO guidelines) who attended the Gauhati Medical College Hospital from 1st July 2016 to 30th June 2017. A detailed clinical history of the selected cases was obtained in the register of the institutional ICTC centre and was recorded in standard proforma. RESULTS Out of the 100 cases included in the study, 95 were married of which 74 had seropositive husbands while 21 were discordant couples. The mean age of the study population was 31.27 ± 9.7 yrs., with the majority of women being in the age group of 21 – 30 yrs. Among the study group, 13 were illiterates while 6 were graduates. Fever was the most common presenting feature with 59 % followed by weight loss (36 %) and diarrhoea (15 %) respectively. Bacterial respiratory tract infection and oral candidiasis were present in 12 % and 11 % of patients respectively as opportunistic infections. CONCLUSIONS The majority of cases in our study were housewives and the biggest risk was through heterosexual sex with their husbands or primary partners. Only a few attended colleges in the study group while the rest were either illiterates or school dropouts and the majority of them didn’t have comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS. The large gender inequality in education and unemployment may be responsible for the spread of HIV/AIDS in women. KEY WORDS Clinical, HIV/AIDS, Women

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Emerging HIV Epidemic in the North-Eastern State of Assam, India: An Exploratory Study Using Mixed-Methods Approach

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

A study on cervical cytopathology in HIV positive pregnant women in Southern part of Assam, India

A study on cervical cytopathology in HIV positive pregnant women in Southern part of Assam, India

Clinical Profile of HIV/AIDS in Women in a Tertiary Care Centre of District Kamrup (Metro) in Assam - An Observational Study

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