Emerging hotspots of tree richness in Brazil

Castuera-Oliveira, Luciene; Oliveira‐Filho, Ary Teixeira de; Eisenlohr, Pedro V.

doi:10.1590/0102-33062019abb0152

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…With respect to the tree species richness of Asteraceae in megadiverse countries and areas, Mexico and Central America rank second in the number of genera and species with 45 and 149, respectively. The first corresponds to Colombia as it is home to 169 species [ 7 ], followed by Brazil with 38 genera [ 34 ], and Ecuador, with 14 genera and 55 species, all of them in some risk category according to the IUCN Red List criteria [ 8 ]. Considering regional scales, the Amazonian (an area that includes the territory of nine South American countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guyana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela) is an area of high diversity with 37 genera and 107 species [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Conservation of the Remarkably High Number of Daisy Trees (Asteraceae) in Mexico

Redonda-Martínez

Moreira-Muñoz

Salas

et al. 2021

Plants

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Mexico is floristically the fourth most species-rich country in the world, and Asteraceae is the most diverse vascular plant family in this country. The species exhibits a wide range of growth forms, but the tree-like habit, appropriately named daisy trees, is heavily underestimated, even though slightly different tree definitions are handled. Very little is known about their precise species number or conservation status in Mexico, so we update here the list of known Mexican daisy tree species, summarize their very diverse uses, present a general panorama of their present and future distribution, and discuss their conservation status. A bibliographic review and herbarium study were carried out, carefully curated taxonomical ocurrence maps were prepared for each species, and a climatic suitability modelling approach was used to characterise the spatial patterns of Mexican Asteraceae trees. With 149 daisy tree species, the country ranks second at a global level; within the country, their greatest diversity is found in central and western Mexico. A decrease in diversity is estimated in areas that currently host the highest species richness, whereas the hotspot regions are estimated to show an increase in species diversity, so climate change is not a threat to all Mexican daisy tree species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Conservation of the Remarkably High Number of Daisy Trees (Asteraceae) in Mexico

Redonda-Martínez

Moreira-Muñoz

Salas

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…The identification and surveying of fine-scale or micro-hotspots of biodiversity is a crucial goal for better driving conservation efforts at global hotspots [80][81][82][83][84][85]. This seems to be especially relevant at the edges of the global hotspots and at the edge of habitats suitable for life, i.e., in desert margins with high levels of endemism, such as the Atacama coast.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fine-Scale Hotspot at the Edge: Epigean Arthropods from the Atacama Coast (Paposo-Taltal, Antofagasta Region, Chile)

Pizarro-Araya

Alfaro

Ojanguren‐Affilastro

et al. 2021

Insects

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The Atacama Desert at its margins harbors a unique biodiversity that is still very poorly known, especially in coastal fog oases spanning from Perú towards the Atacama coast. An outstanding species-rich fog oasis is the latitudinal fringe Paposo-Taltal, that is considered an iconic site of the Lomas formation. This contribution is the first to reveal the knowledge on arthropods of this emblematic coastal section. We used pitfall traps to study the taxonomic composition, richness, and abundance of terrestrial arthropods in 17 sample sites along a 100 km section of the coast between 24.5 and 25.5 southern latitude, in a variety of characteristic habitats. From a total of 9154 individuals, we were able to identify 173 arthropod species grouped into 118 genera and 57 families. The most diverse group were insects, with 146 species grouped in 97 genera and 43 families, while arachnids were represented by 27 species grouped into 21 genera and 14 families. Current conservation challenges on a global scale are driving the creation and evaluation of potential conservation sites in regions with few protected areas, such as the margins of the Atacama Desert. Better taxonomic, distributional, and population knowledge is urgently needed to perform concrete conservation actions in a biodiversity hotspot at a desert edge.

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“…Otherwise, all this diverse evolutionary history is doomed to be permanently erased with the extinction of bat species. Among the Brazilian biomes, the Atlantic Forest, Caatinga, and Cerrado are the most degraded ones (Castuera‐Oliveira et al 2020). These biomes are found in the axis of the historic expansion of agriculture and urbanisation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and land‐use determinants of bat species richness, functional diversity, and site uniqueness throughout the largest Tropical country, Brazil

2021

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1. Bats are one of the most species-rich mammal groups in the Tropics. This highly radiated group embodies many distinct ecomorphological traits, prompting their functional diversity. Furthermore, bat assemblages typically have high beta-diversity due to distinctive compositions across geographic gradients. 2. We aimed to understand the distribution of multifaceted bat diversity metrics (i.e. species richness, functional richness, Rao's quadratic entropy, and local contribution to beta-diversity) as a function of land-cover variables, environmental productivity and complexity, and anthropogenic features in the largest Tropical country worldwide: Brazil. 3. We gathered data on bat distribution based on empirical published datasets and embodied the assemblages at the metacommunity scale, based on 10-km radial clusters. We obtained spatial data on land cover, gross primary production, vegetation height, and human population density for the same radial clusters. We analysed the data via diversity metrics, descriptive statistics, and generalised additive models. 4. Our results showed that two main metaregions (central-western Amazon and the Atlantic coast) embrace the largest richness of bat species. The major positive predictor of bat diversity metrics was vegetation height. Bat diversity metrics throughout Brazil were also significantly influenced by agriculture (negatively) and urban cover (partially positively). 5. We can conclude that bat diversity is more predictable from vegetation height and landscape features -especially agriculture and urban cover -at the metacommunity scale, whereas functional and local contributions to betadiversity metrics are more predictable from spatial autocorrelations, with some biome-induced constrained effects. For the conservation of Brazilian bats and the many ecosystem services they provide, it is absolutely essential to prevent the further collapse of Brazilian biomes that is currently ongoing and fuelled by landscape changes, expansion of agribusiness frontiers, deforestation, and fires.

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Emerging hotspots of tree richness in Brazil

Cited by 29 publications

References 60 publications

Towards Conservation of the Remarkably High Number of Daisy Trees (Asteraceae) in Mexico

Towards Conservation of the Remarkably High Number of Daisy Trees (Asteraceae) in Mexico

A Fine-Scale Hotspot at the Edge: Epigean Arthropods from the Atacama Coast (Paposo-Taltal, Antofagasta Region, Chile)

Spatial and land‐use determinants of bat species richness, functional diversity, and site uniqueness throughout the largest Tropical country, Brazil

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