Emerging infectious diseases and biological invasions: a call for a One Health collaboration in science and management

Ogden, N. H.; Wilson, John R.; Richardson, David M.; Hui, Cang; Davies, Sarah J.; Kumschick, Sabrina; Roux, Johannes J. Le; Measey, John; Saul, Wolf‐Christian; Pulliam, Juliet R. C.

doi:10.1098/rsos.181577

Cited by 100 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(155 reference statements)

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“…It is hoped that the inclusion of this chapter will stimulate further work to explore the links between disease ecology and invasion science (cf. Ogden et al 2019). The remaining chapters focus on specific areas that are invaded-freshwater ecosystems (Weyl et al 2020), coastal marine ecosystems (Robinson et al 2020), offshore sub-Antarctic islands (Greve et al 2020), and urban settings (Potgieter et al 2020).…”

Section: Scope and Arrangement Of This Bookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Invasions in South Africa: An Overview

Wilgen

Measey

Richardson

et al. 2020

Biological Invasions in South Africa

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101

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South Africa has much to offer as a location for the study of biological invasions. It is an ecologically diverse country comprised of nine distinct terrestrial biomes, four recognised marine ecoregions, and two sub-Antarctic Islands. The country has a rich and chequered socio-political history, and a similarly varied history of species introductions. There has been a long tradition of large-scale conservation in the country, and efforts to manage and regulate invasions began in the nineteenth century, with some notable successes, but many setbacks. With the advent of democracy in the early 1990s, South Africa established large alien species control programmes to meet the dual demands of poverty alleviation and conservation, and has since pioneered regulatory approaches to address invasions. In terms of research, South Africa has played an important role in the development of invasion science globally. It continues to have one of the most active communities anywhere in the world, with strengths in theoretical and applied invasion science, and world-leading expertise in specific sub-disciplines (e.g. the classical biological control of invasive plants). In this introductory chapter to the book "Biological Invasions in South Africa", we highlight key events that have affected biological invasions, their management, and the research conducted over the past two centuries. In so doing, we build on earlier reviews-from a national situational review of the state of knowledge in

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Section: Scope and Arrangement Of This Bookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Invasions in South Africa: An Overview

Wilgen

Measey

Richardson

et al. 2020

Biological Invasions in South Africa

Self Cite

101

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“…invasive species, climate change, over-harvesting, habitat change and pollution. We also added CO 2 to the list of change drivers (as per Sala et al 2000), and considered emerging infectious diseases as a part of invasive species (see Ogden et al 2019). We considered only direct effects, so for example the effect of climate warming on fire and subsequent effects on biological invasions would be considered separately as (1) the effect of climate change on natural disturbance regimes (included under habitat change) and then (2) the effect of habitat change on alien species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Invasions as a Component of South Africa’s Global Change Research Effort

Wilgen

Midgley

2020

Biological Invasions in South Africa

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In this chapter, we assess how much research in South Africa has been directed towards biological invasions relative to other elements of global change. Using Web of Science, we systematically reviewed literature relevant to South African ecosystems published between 2000 and 2018 and relating to biological invasions, climate change, overharvesting, habitat change, pollution, and/or atmospheric CO 2. We identified 1149 relevant papers that were scored in terms of their coverage of drivers and driver interactions that affect biodiversity or ecosystem services. A strong spatio-temporal effect was observed on research effort. Firstly, effort differed between realms, with habitat change, pollution and overharvesting receiving the largest research focus within terrestrial, freshwater and marine/estuarine realms respectively. Secondly, certain globally well-studied phenomena were not documented in local literature (e.g. there were fewer than five papers on ocean acidification). We identified 21 different interactions between drivers, with the interactions between invasive species and habitat change (for example altered fire regimes in invaded landscapes) being the most prominent. However, fewer than 4% of papers addressed interactions between three or more drivers. This suggests that while the importance of understanding driver interactions is recognised, there has been little in the way of researching the compound effects of driver interactions in South African ecosystems. The long-cited statement that invasive species pose thesecond-largest threat to biodiversity conservation, behind habitat change, matches the relative research output for this driver in South Africa. Developing a comprehensive

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“…Emerging microparasitic diseases and biological invasions by non-native species represent two of the most significant biological threats to the survival of endangered species, the ecological integrity of ecosystems, the economic productivity of agriculture and the quality of human health (Early et al 2016;Halliday et al 2017;Ogden et al 2019;Paini et al 2016). There are fundamental differences between microparasites (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…their infectivity) and the likelihood and duration of any recovery. Furthermore, a more aligned approach to the study of biological invasions that builds on ideas developed within disease epidemiology will facilitate cross-fertilisation between the disciplines and, as a result, may deliver more comprehensive biosecurity policies (Crowl et al 2008;Ogden et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiological Framework for Biological Invasions (EFBI): an interdisciplinary foundation for the assessment of biosecurity threats

Hulme¹,

Baker²,

Freckleton³

et al. 2020

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Emerging microparasite (e.g. viruses, bacteria, protozoa and fungi) epidemics and the introduction of non-native pests and weeds are major biosecurity threats worldwide. The likelihood of these threats is often estimated from probabilities of their entry, establishment, spread and ease of prevention. If ecosystems are considered equivalent to hosts, then compartment disease models should provide a useful framework for understanding the processes that underpin non-native species invasions. To enable greater cross-fertilisation between these two disciplines, the Epidemiological Framework for Biological Invasions (EFBI) is developed that classifies ecosystems in relation to their invasion status: Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious and Resistant. These states are linked by transitions relating to transmission, latency and recovery. This viewpoint differs markedly from the species-centric approaches often applied to non-native species. It allows generalisations from epidemiology, such as the force of infection, the basic reproductive ratio R0, super-spreaders, herd immunity, cordon sanitaire and ring vaccination, to be discussed in the novel context of non-native species and helps identify important gaps in the study of biological invasions. The EFBI approach highlights several limitations inherent in current approaches to the study of biological invasions including: (i) the variance in non-native abundance across ecosystems is rarely reported; (ii) field data rarely (if ever) distinguish source from sink ecosystems; (iii) estimates of the susceptibility of ecosystems to invasion seldom account for differences in exposure to non-native species; and (iv) assessments of ecosystem susceptibility often confuse the processes that underpin patterns of spread within -and between- ecosystems. Using the invasion of lakes as a model, the EFBI approach is shown to present a new biosecurity perspective that takes account of ecosystem status and complements demographic models to deliver clearer insights into the dynamics of biological invasions at the landscape scale. It will help to identify whether management of the susceptibility of ecosystems, of the number of vectors, or of the diversity of pathways (for movement between ecosystems) is the best way of limiting or reversing the population growth of a non-native species. The framework can be adapted to incorporate increasing levels of complexity and realism and to provide insights into how to monitor, map and manage biological invasions more effectively.

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Emerging infectious diseases and biological invasions: a call for a One Health collaboration in science and management

Cited by 100 publications

References 120 publications

Biological Invasions in South Africa: An Overview

Biological Invasions in South Africa: An Overview

Biological Invasions as a Component of South Africa’s Global Change Research Effort

The Epidemiological Framework for Biological Invasions (EFBI): an interdisciplinary foundation for the assessment of biosecurity threats

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