Emerging infectious diseases in Africa in the 21st century

Fénollar, Florence; Mediannikov, Oleg

doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2018.09.004

Cited by 133 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

105

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Epidemiology of low-and middle-income countries shows that the economic and magnitude of the disease burden is increasing. They have been fighting with communicable diseases for many years e.g., in Africa many infectious diseases have emerged or reemerged in the twenty-first century (5), they are now stuck with non-communicable diseases and injuries (6) and reproductive health problems resulting in a triple burden. Moreover, LMIC are suffering from improper priority setting, strategic plans, and cost minimization approach to enhance sustainability of the health care system (7).…”

Section: Situation Of Low-and Middle-income Countries and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Factors Responsible for Universal Health Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Results From 118 Countries

Ranabhat

Jakovljević

Dhimal

et al. 2020

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Demography, politics, economy, and governance appear to be the major structural factors for health and well-being. These factors have a significant role to play in achieving universal health coverage (UHC). The majority of previous studies did not highlight those factors. The aim of this study is to explore the basic structural factors (political stability, demography, gross national income, governance, and transparency) associated with a UHC index of low-and middle-income countries because for a long time there has be a stagnation achieving universal health coverage. Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional study applying multiple indices as variables. Low-and middle-income countries' selected indicators were the study variables. Data concerned the current political stability, sociodemographic status, gross national income (GNI), and governance status as independent variables and the UHC index of the countries as the dependent variable. Mean and standard deviations were used for the average values of the variables, a raw correlation was shown among variables and a hierarchical linear regression model was used for multi variate analysis. Results: Government health expenditure is 6% out of the total budget in upper middle countries (UMIC) and ∼5% in lower middle countries (LMIC) and low-income countries (LIC), population below poverty line is more than 2-fold higher in LIC in comparison with high income countries, UHC index, and socio-demographic index (SDI) index is similar in LMIC and LIC and slightly higher in UMIC. There is a positive association between government health expenditure, governance index, stability index, the SDI index, and GNI per capita and a negative association between populations below poverty line with UHC index. According to our full regression analysis model, governance, stability, and SDI index were associated with a significantly increased UHC index by 0.33, 0.41, and 0.57 (p < 0.05). Ranabhat et al. Structural Factors and UHC Conclusion: To achieve UHC, good governance, political stability, and demographic balance are prerequisites and addressing these factors would help to meet by 2030 across countries.

show abstract

Section: Situation Of Low-and Middle-income Countries and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Factors Responsible for Universal Health Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Results From 118 Countries

Ranabhat

Jakovljević

Dhimal

et al. 2020

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Infectious disease epidemics are on the rise in Sub Saharan Africa (Fenollar & Mediannikov, 2018). In alone, over 95 new outbreaks were reported to World Health Organization (WHO) by member states of the WHO African region.…”

Section: The Burden Of Infectious Disease Epidemicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mandated Actions, Legitimate Role-Bearers and Expected Actor Networks in the Management of Infectious Disease Epidemics: The Case of Marburg Virus Disease in Uganda.

Ssendagire¹,

Tuhebwe²,

Babirye³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background In many Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries, epidemic management is characterized with inaction, confusion and friction among a multitude of participating organizations. This is partially attributable to the inability to customize international epidemic management actions and guidelines to local institutional architecture, agencies and relational contexts. This results into poor coordination and suboptimal epidemic management outcomes. Using the case of Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) in Uganda, we explored how to clarify responsibility and collaboration across a multitude of inter-dependent actions and actors during epidemic management. Methods In July 2018, we reviewed MVD management literature and documents to identify key expected actions and actors/agencies. Data was summarized by phase and action area of MVD management. In March 2019, a 2-round Delphi survey was then undertaken to; 1) validate the identified actions and 2) assign legitimate role-bearers to each of the validated actions. We used NetDraw in UCINet to elaborate the expected network structure among legitimate role-bearers across all the phases and four selected action areas. Results We validated 304 mandated actions and 79 legitimate role-bearers in MVD management in Uganda. Across the four phases and selected action areas of MVD management, there is a high variation in the identity and number of mandated role bearers. Overall, Ministry of Health headquarters (MoH-HQs), National Task Force (NTF), District task Force (DTF) and National Rapid Response Team (NRRT) are expected to be the most central agencies during MVD management. Across the four phases and the selected action areas, actors are expected to be networked using a core-periphery network structure.Conclusions There is a multitude of agencies required to work inter-dependently to accomplish the mandated actions for MVD management in Uganda. MoH-HQs, NTF and DTF are most central in the Ugandan context. It is imperative to build/maintain the information processing, decision making and command and control capacity of these central agencies. The study findings can be used as the basis for exploring compliance and deviation in mandated actions in future MVD epidemics. The methodological approach could be replicated to other infectious disease epidemics in Uganda and beyond.

show abstract

“…At the same time, a new and highly infectious disease: novel coronavirus , which for now appears incurable, is emerging to pose further threats to the world. Unlike most dangerous infectious diseases that kill humans, originate in Africa (Fenollar & Mediannikov, 2018), , started in Asia, speci cally Wuhan, in last quarter of 2019. The disease had caught the world in darkness and public fear has been growing geometrically (Ma et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…COVID-19 is taking its clang on the global community, causing several deaths and continuous economic despair. Thus, there have been several projections and discussions that COVID-19 situation might be worse in developing and lower middle-income countries where public healthcare systems are weak, although there are no empirical validations yet (Fenollar & Mediannikov, 2018). For instance, projections from the World Bank suggest that COVID-19 will push 49 million people into extreme poverty in 2020 out of which 23 million are expected to be in sub-Saharan Africa (Mahler, Lakner, Aguilar & Wu, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 on poverty and living standards in Ghana: A micro perspective

Bukari

Essilfie

Aning-Agyei

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has become a global epidemic, hit Ghana on 12th March 2020 and, in less than a week, increased by over 300 percent with two deaths. As of 11th June 2020, Ghana had recorded over 11,000 cases with 48 deaths. This study seeks to provide a micro-level evidence on how COVID-19 is posing a threat to some of the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly poverty and hunger in Ghana. Specifically, the study examined the effect of COVID-19 on poverty and living standards of Ghanaian households. It also analyzed which class of persons within the income distributions is mostly hit by the pandemic. Data on 3,905 households were obtained via concurrent online survey and telephone interviews. Multiple analytical approaches were employed: Ordinary least squares, probit model and simultaneous quantile regressions. The results showed that COVID-19 had significantly increased the poverty levels of households, while deteriorating living standards. The study also showed that gender and locational heterogeneities exist regarding the impact of COVID-19 with females and rural dwellers mostly disadvantaged. However, the simultaneous quantile regression showed that in terms of overall household consumption, those in the middle and upper classes were heavily affected compared to those in the lowest class. A key policy implication from this study is that Ghana needs to broaden its social protection programmes to assist both the new poor and existing poor.

show abstract

Emerging infectious diseases in Africa in the 21st century

Cited by 133 publications

References 52 publications

Structural Factors Responsible for Universal Health Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Results From 118 Countries

Structural Factors Responsible for Universal Health Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Results From 118 Countries

Mandated Actions, Legitimate Role-Bearers and Expected Actor Networks in the Management of Infectious Disease Epidemics: The Case of Marburg Virus Disease in Uganda.

Impact of COVID-19 on poverty and living standards in Ghana: A micro perspective

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About