Emerging investigators series: the source and fate of pandemic viruses in the urban water cycle

Wigginton, Krista; Ye, Yinyin; Ellenberg, Robert M.

doi:10.1039/c5ew00125k

Cited by 182 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 119 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

198

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The conclusions of this study were drawn from experiments with naked viruses, which constitute the main fraction of enteric viruses. However, enveloped viruses, such as coronaviruses, can also be excreted in HEAM (97), and they are expected to behave differently due to the instability of the lipid bilayer under alkaline conditions. It was observed that phospholipids were cleaved at a rate of ϳ1 ϫ 10 Ϫ2 day Ϫ1 at 40°C and pH 9 (98), which is close to the RNA cleavage rate constant for similar conditions (1.6 ϫ 10 Ϫ2 day Ϫ1 at pH 9 and 37°C) (65).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia as an In Situ Sanitizer: Influence of Virus Genome Type on Inactivation

Decrey

Kazama

Kohn

2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Treatment. DNA and dsRNA viruses were considerably more resistant than ssRNA viruses, resulting in up to 1,000-fold-longer treatment times to reach a 4-log inactivation. The apparently slower inactivation of DNA viruses was rationalized by the higher stability of DNA than that of ssRNA in HEAM. Pushing the system toward harsher pH (>9) and temperature (>35°C) conditions, such as those encountered in thermophilic digestion and alkaline treatments, led to more consistent inactivation kinetics among ssRNA and other viruses. This suggests that the dependence of inactivation on genome type disappeared in favor of protein-mediated inactivation mechanisms common to all viruses. Finally, we recommend the use of MS2 as a conservative indicator to assess the inactivation of ssRNA viruses and the stable ⌽X174 or dsDNA phages as indicators for persistent viruses. IMPORTANCEViruses are among the most environmentally persistent pathogens. They can be present in high concentrations in human excreta and animal manure (HEAM). Therefore, appropriate treatment of HEAM is important prior to its reuse or discharge into the environment. Here, we investigated the factors that determine the persistence of viruses in HEAM, and we determined the main mechanisms that lead to their inactivation. Unlike other organisms, viruses can have four different genome types (double-or single-stranded RNA or DNA), and the viruses studied herein represent all four types. Genome type appeared to be the major determinant for persistence. Single-stranded RNA viruses are the most labile, because this genome type is susceptible to degradation in HEAM. In contrast, the other genome types are more stable; therefore, inactivation is slower and mainly driven by the degradation of viral proteins. Overall, this study allows us to better understand the behavior of viruses in HEAM.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia as an In Situ Sanitizer: Influence of Virus Genome Type on Inactivation

Decrey

Kazama

Kohn

2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is particularly in the case of RNA viruses, where higher nucleotide substitution rates can result in this rapid adaption and spreading in new host populations (Woolhouse and Gowtage-Sequeria, 2005). The potential of wastewater to be used for viral surveillance has been well discussed in the literature (Barras, 2018;O'Brien and Xagoraraki, 2019;Wigginton et al, 2015). Wastewater surveillance has already demonstrated promising results with the potential for retrospective prediction of disease outbreaks of hepatitis A and norovirus .…”

Section: Markers Of Pathogenic Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future perspectives of wastewater-based epidemiology: Monitoring infectious disease spread and resistance to the community level

Sims

Kasprzyk-Hordern

2020

Environment International

519

348

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infectious diseases are acknowledged as one of the most critical threats to global public health today. Climate change, unprecedented population growth with accelerated rates of antimicrobial resistance, have resulted in both the emergence of novel pathogenic organisms and the re-emergence of infections that were once controlled. The consequences have led to an increased vulnerability to infectious diseases globally. The ability to rapidly monitor the spread of diseases is key for prevention, intervention and control, however several limitations exist for current surveillance systems and the capacity to cope with the rapid population growth and environmental changes. Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE) is a new epidemiology tool that has potential to act as a complementary approach for current infectious disease surveillance systems and an early warning system for disease outbreaks. WBE postulates that through the analysis of population pooled wastewater, infectious disease and resistance spread, the emergence of new disease outbreak to the community level can be monitored comprehensively and in real-time. This manuscript provides critical overview of current infectious disease surveillance status, as well as it introduces WBE and its recent advancements. It also provides recommendations for further development required for WBE application as an effective tool for infectious disease surveillance.

show abstract

“…This information points to a challenge of health consequences of environmental contamination, changing land use, infrastructure construction, habitat fragmentation, urbanization, and addressing demand for water, energy, and food, particularly when the cultural practices of those people most effected are not considered. Also important to consider is the role environmental engineering has in managing disease associated with pandemic viruses that may be found in the urban and agricultural water cycles (Wigginton et al, 2015).…”

Section: Fig 2 Contribution Of Communicable and Infectiousmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Grandest Challenge of All: The Role of Environmental Engineering to Achieve Sustainability in the World's Developing Regions

MihelcicJames

NaughtonColleen

Verbyla

et al. 2017

Environmental Engineering Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The environmental engineering discipline has focused much of its historical efforts in developing regions of the world on advancing environmental sustainability through improving provision of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services. However, the skills and expertise that reside within the discipline of environmental engineering are fundamental to achieve a much broader range of sustainable development goals, including those related to health, climate, water, energy, and food security; economic development; and reduction of social inequalities. Accordingly, this article critically reviews several focus areas where environmental engineering should assume a more active presence in the global community that seeks to achieve sustainability in developing regions of the world. The 10 environmental engineering Grand Challenges for the developing world covered are: (1) understand the historical perspective of the discipline's connection with public health as the field transitions forward; (2) integrate the differences encountered when operating over rural to urban locations; (3) address emissions of greenhouse gases and other important carbon-containing pollutants; (4) understand the link between development and health to better connect health outcomes and reduction in risk with ecosystem management and other development interventions; (5) address the complex interactions of water energy systems; (6) integrate the synergy inherent in development/ sustainability goals of WASH, food security, and resource recovery; (7) transition to a green economy; (8) advance monitoring, evaluation, and assessment activities that include life cycle assessment, (9) integrate culture, perception, and behavior with advances in science and technology, and (10) educate globally competent engineers. Our hope is that this discussion leads to a better world through monumental improvements in the environment and human well-being and drives new innovations and opportunities in research, education, practice, and service.

show abstract

Emerging investigators series: the source and fate of pandemic viruses in the urban water cycle

Cited by 182 publications

References 119 publications

Ammonia as an In Situ Sanitizer: Influence of Virus Genome Type on Inactivation

Ammonia as an In Situ Sanitizer: Influence of Virus Genome Type on Inactivation

Future perspectives of wastewater-based epidemiology: Monitoring infectious disease spread and resistance to the community level

The Grandest Challenge of All: The Role of Environmental Engineering to Achieve Sustainability in the World's Developing Regions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About