Emerging molecular insights into the interaction between probiotics and the host intestinal mucosa

Bron, Peter A.; Baarlen, Peter van; Kleerebezem, Michiel

doi:10.1038/nrmicro2690

Cited by 569 publications

(425 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…The earliest research on probiotics dates back to 1907, when Metchnikoff claimed that the people administrated lactic acid-producing bacteria in yoghurt resulting in balance of intestinal micro-flora and longevity (Metchnikoff 1987;Bron et al 2012). It has been reported that administrated infant bifidobacteria could become the dominant of the intestinal micro-flora, reduce the putrefactive bacteria, and improve the immunity of the host (Tojo et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The inflammation regulation effects ofEnterococcus faeciumHDRsEf1 on human enterocyte-like HT-29 cells

Tian

Yang

et al. 2016

Animal Cells and Systems

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Enterococcus faecium HDRsEf1 strain used as a probiotic to inhibit intestine inflammation and improve animal growth performance has been proved by our research team; however, it remains unclear how HDRsEf1 was recognized by intestine cells and how it activates the downstream pathway which benefit intestine health. In this study, HDRsEf1 was used to stimulate HT-29 cell line to partially uncover the intestine benefit mechanism of HDRsEf1. The results of cell viability assays showed that HDRsEf1 had no toxicity on HT-29 at concentrations up to 1 × 10 8 CFU/mL, HDRsEf1 could upregulate the TLR1, TLR2, and TLR6 mRNA level, especially TLR2, and significantly downregulate the mRNA level of TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, TLR8, but did not significantly affect the mRNA or protein level of MyD88, which suggests that HDRsEf1 activates the TLR2 pathway in an MyD88-independent pattern. HDRsEf1 could significantly downregulate the mRNA level of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p35, IL-17, and TNF-α and did not affect the anti-inflammatory factors IL-10, PPAR-γ, and TSLP; besides HDRsEf1 did not upregulate the degradation of IκB in HT-29 cells. By contrast, enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7 strongly up-regulated the mRNA level of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-23, and TNF-α, downregulated obviously anti-inflammatory factor PPAR-ɣ, and obviously upregulated the degradation of IκB, which suggested that HDRsEf1 may act as an antagonist to regulate intestine inflammation response to intestine pathogen. These findings shed a light on the intestine benefit mechanism of HDRsEf1. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The inflammation regulation effects ofEnterococcus faeciumHDRsEf1 on human enterocyte-like HT-29 cells

Tian

Yang

et al. 2016

Animal Cells and Systems

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“…A current survey of the literature indicates increased interest in understanding the cell surface molecules associated with probiotic action (Bron et al, 2012). The roles of sortase and SDPs have yet to be investigated in L. acidophilus, a commercial probiotic, or the human commensal L. gasseri.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sortase-deficient lactobacilli: effect on immunomodulation and gut retention

et al. 2015

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Surface proteins of probiotic microbes, including Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus gasseri, are believed to promote retention in the gut and mediate host-bacterial communications. Sortase, an enzyme that covalently couples a subset of extracellular proteins containing an LPXTG motif to the cell surface, is of particular interest in characterizing bacterial adherence and communication with the mucosal immune system. A sortase gene, srtA, was identified in L. acidophilus NCFM (LBA1244) and L. gasseri ATCC 33323 (LGAS_0825). Additionally, eight and six intact sortase-dependent proteins were predicted in L. acidophilus and L. gasseri, respectively. Due to the role of sortase in coupling these proteins to the cell wall, DsrtA deletion mutants of L. acidophilus and L. gasseri were created using the upp-based counterselective gene replacement system. Inactivation of sortase did not cause significant alteration in growth or survival in simulated gastrointestinal juices. Meanwhile, both DsrtA mutants showed decreased adhesion to porcine mucin in vitro. Murine dendritic cells exposed to the DsrtA mutant of L. acidophilus or L. gasseri induced lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-12, respectively, compared with the parent strains. In vivo co-colonization of the L. acidophilus DsrtA mutant and its parent strain in germ-free 129S6/SvEv mice resulted in a significant one-log reduction of the DsrtA mutant population. Additionally, a similar reduction of the DsrtA mutant was observed in the caecum. This study shows for the first time that sortase-dependent proteins contribute to gut retention of probiotic microbes in the gastrointestinal tract.

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“…These immunomodulatory capacities of probiotic strains have been extensively studied using various in vitro co-culture assays that employ different types of immune cells such as human monocyte-derived dendritic cells, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and mouse bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells and use cytokine production profiles as a functional read-out. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) which is associated with T helper 2 (T H 2) cell or T regulatory (T Reg ) cell stimulation is typically used as a marker for antiinflammatory effects, whereas the p70 IL-12 heterodimer and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which are associated with both T H 1 cell stimulation and the induction of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production by T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, are commonly measured as markers for pro-inflammatory responses (Bron et al 2012).…”

Section: Production Of Antimicrobial Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics - the versatile functional food ingredients

Syngai¹,

et al. 2015

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Probiotics are live microbes which when administered in adequate amounts as functional food ingredients confer a health benefit on the host. Their versatility is in terms of their usage which ranges from the humans to the ruminants, pigs and poultry, and also in aquaculture practices. In this review, the microorganisms frequently used as probiotics in human and animal welfare has been described, and also highlighted are the necessary criteria required to be fulfilled for their use in humans on the one hand and on the other as microbial feed additives in animal husbandry. Further elaborated in this article are the sources from where probiotics can be derived, the possible mechanisms by which they act, and their future potential role as antioxidants is also discussed.

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Emerging molecular insights into the interaction between probiotics and the host intestinal mucosa

Cited by 569 publications

References 164 publications

The inflammation regulation effects ofEnterococcus faeciumHDRsEf1 on human enterocyte-like HT-29 cells

The inflammation regulation effects ofEnterococcus faeciumHDRsEf1 on human enterocyte-like HT-29 cells

Sortase-deficient lactobacilli: effect on immunomodulation and gut retention

Probiotics - the versatile functional food ingredients

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