Emerging Pollutants – Part II: Treatment

Bell, Katherine Y.; Bandy, Jeff; Finnegan, Benjamin J.; Keen, Olya S.; Mauter, Meagan S.; Parker, A.; Sima, Laura C.; Stretz, Holly A.

doi:10.2175/106143013x13698672323308

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…For instance, even though phosphorus fertilizer production from easily accessible phosphate rock could be depleted in 50-100 years and cause global food security issues [7,8], expensive treatment technologies are used to remove phosphorus as waste from wastewater to reduce eutrophication in receiving water [9][10][11][12][13]. Emerging chemical and biological contaminants from wastewater and eroded sediments penetrate into the source water, making the treatment of drinking water more technically and financially challenging [14][15][16]. These vicious cycles worsen with the growth of cities, the concentration of agricultural practices, and intensifying material flows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Water Systems for the City of Tomorrow—A Conceptual Framework

Xue

González-Mejía

et al. 2015

Sustainability

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Urban water systems are an example of complex, dynamic human-environment coupled systems which exhibit emergent behaviors that transcend individual scientific disciplines. While previous siloed approaches to water services (i.e., water resources, drinking water, wastewater, and stormwater) have led to great improvements in public health protection, sustainable solutions for a growing global population facing increased resource constraints demand a paradigm shift based on holistic management to maximize the use and recovery of water, energy, nutrients, and materials. The objective of this review paper is to highlight the issues in traditional water systems including water demand and use, centralized configuration, sewer collection systems, characteristics of mixed wastewater, and to explore alternative solutions such as decentralized water systems, fit for purpose and water reuse, OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 12072 natural/green infrastructure, vacuum sewer collection systems, and nutrient/energy recovery. This review also emphasizes a system thinking approach for evaluating alternatives that should include sustainability indicators and metrics such as emergy to assess global system efficiency. An example paradigm shift design for urban water system is presented, not as the recommended solution for all environments, but to emphasize the framework of system-level analysis and the need to visualize water services as an organic whole. When water systems are designed to maximize the resources and optimum efficiency, they are more prevailing and sustainable than siloed management because a system is more than the sum of its parts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Water Systems for the City of Tomorrow—A Conceptual Framework

Xue

González-Mejía

et al. 2015

Sustainability

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“…For many of these compounds, such as E2, a significant portion of the contaminant is removed during normal wastewater treatment (Joss 2005), though questions remain as to whether the removal is sufficient for environmental protection. Other compounds including, carbamazepine (Jelic 2012;Leclercq 2009) and diclofenac (Jelic 2012;Bell 2013) are removed poorly. However, removal efficiencies of most ETC have been reported to vary among different WWTPs, including BPA (Melcer 2011) and E1 (Servos 2005 (Federle 2002), ibuprofen (Quintana 2005), and E2 (Layton 2000) provides further evidence for biological degradation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Bioaugmentation Potential for Enhanced Bisphenol A Removal During Wastewater Treatment

Zhou¹,

Ferguson²,

Gough³

2014

proc water environ fed

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Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) discharged with wastewater treatment plant effluents are documented contaminants in many surface waters with potential ecological impacts at extremely low concentrations (ng/L range). PPCPs are partially removed during wastewater treatment. Biological transformation is an important removal mechanism and, bacteria have previously been isolated from activated sludge capable of degrading PPCPs to ng/L concentrations. This study investigated the potential application of these bacteria for enhanced PPCP removal through bioaugmentation into activated sludge processes. Bisphenol A, an endocrine disrupting compound (EDC) was used as a model contaminant. Comparison of models developed for three reactor configurations (continuous mixed activated sludge, CMAS; continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR) in series; and sequencing batch reactors, SBR) demonstrated that extremely low residual contaminant concentrations could be achieved in both the effluent and waste activated sludge (WAS) with less than 10% increases to the volatile suspended solids (VSS). Additionally, sorption modeling predicted that both liquid and solidassociated contaminants were removed. When the bacteria were added to activated sludge, degradation increased. These results demonstrated that the tested bioaugmentation process may be a viable new technology for improved PPCP removal at wastewater treatment plants.

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“…In the last 20 years, improved analytical capabilities have allowed the detection of antibiotic residues in virtually all natural habitats (Bell et al 2013;Kümmerer 2009a;Thiele-Bruhn 2003). At least 1500 publications have addressed antibiotic molecules in the environment.…”

Section: Antibiotics In the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do antibiotics have environmental side-effects? Impact of synthetic antibiotics on biogeochemical processes

Roose‐Amsaleg

Laverman²

2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

170

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Antibiotic use in the early 1900 vastly improved human health but at the same time started an arms race of antibiotic resistance. The widespread use of antibiotics has resulted in ubiquitous trace concentrations of many antibiotics in most environments. Little is known about the impact of these antibiotics on microbial processes or "non-target" organisms. This mini-review summarizes our knowledge of the effect of synthetically produced antibiotics on microorganisms involved in biogeochemical cycling. We found only 31 articles that dealt with the effects of antibiotics on such processes in soil, sediment, or freshwater. We compare the processes, antibiotics, concentration range, source, environment, and experimental approach of these studies. Examining the effects of antibiotics on biogeochemical processes should involve environmentally relevant concentrations (instead of therapeutic), chronic exposure (versus acute), and monitoring of the administered antibiotics. Furthermore, the lack of standardized tests hinders generalizations regarding the effects of antibiotics on biogeochemical processes. We investigated the effects of antibiotics on biogeochemical N cycling, specifically nitrification, denitrification, and anammox. We found that environmentally relevant concentrations of fluoroquinolones and sulfonamides could partially inhibit denitrification. So far, the only documented effects of antibiotic inhibitions were at therapeutic doses on anammox activities. The most studied and inhibited was nitrification (25-100 %) mainly at therapeutic doses and rarely environmentally relevant. We recommend that firm conclusions regarding inhibition of antibiotics at environmentally relevant concentrations remain difficult due to the lack of studies testing low concentrations at chronic exposure. There is thus a need to test the effects of these environmental concentrations on biogeochemical processes to further establish the possible effects on ecosystem functioning.

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Emerging Pollutants – Part II: Treatment

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Sustainable Water Systems for the City of Tomorrow—A Conceptual Framework

Sustainable Water Systems for the City of Tomorrow—A Conceptual Framework

Modeling Bioaugmentation Potential for Enhanced Bisphenol A Removal During Wastewater Treatment

Do antibiotics have environmental side-effects? Impact of synthetic antibiotics on biogeochemical processes

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