Emerging Risks in Food: Probiotic Enterococci Pose a Threat to Public Health through the Food Chain

Xu, Wenjiao; Fang, Yuwen; Hu, Qiao; Zhu, Kui

doi:10.3390/foods10112846

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Thus, the presence of ARGs in these microbes is a significantly underestimated foodborne risk [reviewed in Wang et al ( 2012 )]. Similarly, the microbial communities in fermented foods and probiotics, although not recognized as a risk for AMR in foods, warrant attention owing to variable food safety oversight, high microbial numbers, and as potential reservoirs for ARGs as complex mixtures of undefined microbial species derived from environmental samples (Hachemi et al, 2019 ; Jans et al, 2018 ; Rozman et al, 2022 ; Tóth et al, 2020 ; Xu et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Food to the Human Health Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance

Kujat Choy,

Neumann,

Romero-Barrios

et al. 2024

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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The impact of foodborne antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on the human health burden of AMR infections is unknown. The aim of this review was to evaluate and summarize the scientific literature investigating all potential sources of human AMR infections related to food. A literature search was conducted in Embase (Ovid) and MEDLINE (Ovid) databases to identify appropriate studies published between 2010 and 2023. The results of the search were reviewed and categorized based on the primary subject matter. Key concepts from each category are described from the perspective of food safety as a public health objective. The search yielded 3457 references, 1921 remained after removal of duplicates, abstracts, editorials, comments, notes, retractions, and errata. No properly designed source attribution studies were identified, but 383 journal articles were considered relevant and were classified into eight subcategories and discussed in the context of four streams of evidence: prevalence data, epidemiological studies, outbreak investigations and human health impact estimates. There was sufficient evidence to conclude that AMR genes, whether present in pathogenic or nonpathogenic bacteria, constitute a foodborne hazard. The level of consumer risk owing to this hazard cannot be accurately estimated based on the data summarized here. Key gaps in the literature are noted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Food to the Human Health Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance

Kujat Choy,

Neumann,

Romero-Barrios

et al. 2024

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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“…Genomic DNA was extracted from the E. faecium isolates according to the manufacturer’s instructions and a previous study [ 51 ]. The obtained DNA was sequenced by Illumina Seq, and the whole genomes were aligned with the National Center for Biotechnology Information databases to search for the bgl gene with similarities ranging from 70% to 100% identity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coumarin Glycosides Reverse Enterococci-Facilitated Enteric Infections

Xu,

Yuan,

Fang

et al. 2024

Research

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Commensal enterococci with pathogenic potential often facilitate the growth of diverse pathogens, thereby exacerbating infections. However, there are few effective therapeutic strategies to prevent and intervene in enterococci-mediated polymicrobial infections. Here, we find that enterococci at high density drive the expansion and pathogenicity of enteric Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium ( S . Tm). Subsequently, we show that the driving role of enterococci in such infections is counteracted by dietary coumarin glycosides in vivo. Enterococci, which are tolerant of iron-deficient environments, produce β-glucosidases to hydrolyze coumarin glycosides into bioactive aglycones, inhibiting S . Tm growth and ameliorating the severity of S . Tm-induced symptoms by inducing iron limitation. Overall, we demonstrate that coumarin glycosides as a common diet effectively reverse enterococci-facilitated enteric infections, providing an alternative intervention to combat polymicrobial infections.

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“…At the same time, the growing pool of factual material dictates today the need to focus attention not only on pathogens, but on widespread commensal bacteria with the status of probiotics actively used in medicine, agriculture and the food industry. Reports on the possibility of large-scale genomic reorganization and progressive evolution of virulence in these bacteria under stressful conditions, modulation of host cell signaling systems and suppression of innate immunity, negative regulation of the p53 pathway and induction of DNA damage, disruption of the structure of the intestinal microbiota and cell proliferation (10) revealed a paucity of our knowledge about the "logic of life" of symbionts and the mechanisms of their interactions with eukaryotic cells, which compromises the great ideas and horizons of a number of practical applications (11). All this determines the relevance of comprehensive studies of commensals, their plasticity potential under different environmental conditions, methods of intercellular communication and interaction with regulatory networks of higher organisms, as well as the development of standardization of probiotic safety assessment.…”

Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human and animal intestinal commensals and probiotics vs modern challenges of biosafety: problems and prospects

2023

ARI

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The appearance of an array of data on the study of the intestinal microbiota in Metazoa has significantly expanded our understanding of the role of commensals in the control of a wide range of physiological functions in higher organisms in norm and pathology. In the intestine, where the microbial load significantly exceeds the number of microorganisms of other ecosystems, the components of the intestinal microbiota are a constant source of stimuli that induce activation of the host immune systemThe introduction into practice of biomedical research of innovative high-resolution methods, including multi-omix technologies, has brought data that change our understanding of intestinal commensals, including probiotics with GRAS status, widely used in medicine, agriculture and biotechnology. The ability of these bacteria to induce negative processes in the host body that are beneficial for bacterial proliferation and expansion revealed a clear lack of our knowledge about the logic of their life and the mechanisms of interaction with eukaryotic cells. This determines the urgent need for comprehensive research of probiotics and the development of standardization of their safety assessment. Apriori's confidence in the exceptional benefit of the bacteria widely used in medicine, agriculture and biotechnology has determined the seriously omission in our control system today - the lack of standardization of studies for the safety assessment of bacteria with GRAS status . The moment has come when it became clear that this gap should be promptly filled and that only exact understanding the molecular base of interacting the microbes with eukaryotic cells can provide the foundation for effective practical developments in controlling the evolution of bacterial virulence and probiotic safety strategy, as well as the competent use of genetic technologies for monitoring the environment and managing infectious processes, thus avoiding the dramatic consequences of large-scale interventions in the micro and macro worlds

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Emerging Risks in Food: Probiotic Enterococci Pose a Threat to Public Health through the Food Chain

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Contribution of Food to the Human Health Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance

Contribution of Food to the Human Health Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance

Coumarin Glycosides Reverse Enterococci-Facilitated Enteric Infections

Human and animal intestinal commensals and probiotics vs modern challenges of biosafety: problems and prospects

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