Emerging Role of Autophagy in the Development and Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

El-Aziz, Yomna S Abd; Leck, Lionel Yi Wen; Jansson, Patric J.; Sahni, Sumit

doi:10.3390/cancers13246152

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 271 publications

(339 reference statements)

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“…Cellular growth assay was performed using Incucyte Live Cell Imaging system using standard protocol 14 . Cells were seeded on 96‐well plates and allowed to attach for 24 h. Cells were then incubated with either control medium (10% FCS) or medium containing metal salts at different concentrations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum and tissue metallome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Byeon,

du Toit‐Thompson,

Hipperson

et al. 2024

Cancer Science

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients have late presentation at the time of diagnosis and a poor prognosis. Metal dyshomeostasis is known to play a role in cancer progression. However, the blood and tissue metallome of PDAC patients has not been assessed. This study aimed to determine the levels of essential and toxic metals in the serum and pancreatic tissue from PDAC patients. Serum samples were obtained from PDAC patients before surgical resection. Tissue (tumor and adjacent normal pancreas) were obtained from the surgically resected specimen. Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) analysis was performed to quantify the levels of 10 essential and 3 toxic metals in these samples. Statistical analysis was performed to identify dysregulated metals in PDAC and their role as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Significantly decreased serum levels of magnesium, potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, arsenic, and mercury and increased levels of molybdenum were shown to be associated with PDAC. There were significantly decreased levels of zinc, manganese and molybdenum, and increased levels of calcium and selenium in the pancreatic tumor tissue compared with the adjacent normal pancreas. Notably, lower serum levels of calcium, iron, and selenium, and higher levels of manganese, were significantly associated with a poor prognosis (i.e., overall survival) in PDAC patients. In conclusion, this is the first study to comprehensively assess the serum and tissue metallome of PDAC patients. It identified the association of metals with PDAC diagnosis and prognosis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cancer cell migration was assessed using the Incucyte wound healing assay using a standard protocol 14 . Cells were grown to 100% confluency in 96‐well plates, and a scratch was made using a wound maker tool.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum and tissue metallome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Byeon,

du Toit‐Thompson,

Hipperson

et al. 2024

Cancer Science

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“…Hypoxia regulates tumor immunomodulatory process: (1) Hypoxia can recruit various immunosuppressive cells, mainly affecting Tregs, TAM, and marrow-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), therefore promoting the immune tolerance of tumor cells; (2) Hypoxia can upregulate the expression of inhibitory immune checkpoint on the surface of tumors, thus inhibiting the specific function of T cells and evading host immune surveillance [ 116 ]; (3) Autophagy can be induced in a hypoxic environment. Autophagy is a key regulator of cell viability, clearing dysfunctional organelles and preventing the progression of cancer [ 117 ]. Nevertheless, advanced tumors can degrade aggregates of harmful proteins [ 118 ], remove ROS [ 119 ], and promote recruitment of Treg cells [ 120 ] by autophagy, ultimately achieving immune escape; (4) Hypoxic-mediated immune effector cell inhibition.…”

Section: Physicochemical Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy of oral cancer

et al. 2022

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Oral cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck, not only affects the appearance, but also affects eating and even endangers life. The clinical treatments of oral cancer mainly include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, unsatisfactory therapeutic effect and toxic side effects are still the main problems in clinical treatment. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is not only closely related to the occurrence, growth, and metastasis of tumor but also works in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of tumor and prognosis. Future studies should continue to investigate the relationship of TME and oral cancer therapy. This purpose of this review was to analyze the characteristics of oral cancer microenvironment, summarize the traditional oral cancer therapy and immunotherapy strategies, and finally prospect the development prospects of oral cancer immunotherapy. Immunotherapy targeting tumor microenvironment is expected to provide a new strategy for clinical treatment of oral cancer.

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“…Autophagy can protect OSCC cells by saving energy and recycling sources under starvation. Increased autophagy prevented the OSCC cells from undergoing cell death and apoptosis, whereas 3-methyladenine (3-MA) attenuated autophagy triggered by malnutrition and weakened this protective effect ( Abd El-Aziz et al, 2021 ). In addition, the underlying mechanism of hyperthermia in OSCC was investigated.…”

Section: Autophagy As a Double-edged Sword In Osccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the roles of Autophagy in OSCC: A renewed perspective from mechanisms to potential applications

2022

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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is associated with a low survival rate and a high disability rate, making it a serious health burden, particularly in Southeast Asian countries. Therefore, improvements in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction of OSCC are highly warranted. Autophagy has a significant impact on cancer development. Studies on autophagy in various human cancers have made outstanding contributions; however, the relationship between autophagy and OSCC remains to be explored. This review highlights the roles of autophagy in OSCC and discusses the relationship between autophagy and Epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Considering the lack of OSCC biomarkers, we focus on the studies involving OSCC-related bioinformatics analysis and molecular targets. Based on some classical targets, we summarize several key autophagy-related biomarkers with a considerable potential for clinical application, which may become the hotspot of OSCC research. In conclusion, we elaborate on the interrelationship between autophagy and OSCC and highlight the shortcomings of current studies to provide insights into the potential clinical strategies.

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Emerging Role of Autophagy in the Development and Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cited by 7 publications

References 271 publications

Serum and tissue metallome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Serum and tissue metallome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy of oral cancer

Unravelling the roles of Autophagy in OSCC: A renewed perspective from mechanisms to potential applications

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