“…Emerging evidence suggests that miRNAs regulate the genes encoding cardiac ion channels, transporters, Ca 2+ -handling proteins, and other relevant proteins associated with AF substrates and triggers. [19][20][21][22] Although the molecular mechanisms underlying post-transcriptional ion channel remodeling in AF cardiomyocytes remain unresolved, recent studies have pointed out several miRNAs as key regulators of the Ca 2+ current (ICa) and IK1 in AF cardiomyocytes. 13, 14 To date, a pair of miRNAs with an AF history of 6 months or longer, whose age ranged from 60 to 79 years.…”