Emerging roles of bile acids in control of intestinal functions

Yang, Jiani; Palmiotti, Anna; Kuipers, Folkert

doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000709

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…They play a key role in the modulation of metabolic pathways and in the balance of gut microbiome by acting as signaling molecules to diverse intestinal and liver receptors, such as farnesoid X receptor (FXR), vitamin D receptor and the TGR5 Takeda G protein-coupled receptor, and modulating immune responses in the gut. [47][48][49] Activation of the hepatic receptors also varies depending on the type of BAs, with FXR being triggered preferably by PBAs and TGR5 by SBAs. These receptors modulate several metabolic characteristics, such as glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, fatty acid β-oxidation, energy expenditure, very low-density lipoprotein clearance, as well as hepatic inflammation.…”

Section: Ba Receptors and Their Effect On Metabolic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota in Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease and in Other Chronic Metabolic Diseases

Hernández-Ceballos¹,

Córdova-Gallardo²,

Méndez-Sánchez³

2021

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology

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The gut microbiome plays a key role in the health-disease balance in the human body. Although its composition is unique for each person and tends to remain stable throughout lifetime, it has been shown that certain bacterial patterns may be determining factors in the onset of certain chronic metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and metabolic syndrome. The gut-liver axis embodies the close relationship between the gut and the liver; disturbance of the normal gut microbiota, also known as dysbiosis, may lead to a cascade of mechanisms that modify the epithelial properties and facilitate bacterial translocation. Regulation of gut microbiota is fundamental to maintaining gut integrity, as well as the bile acids composition. In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the microbiota, bile acids composition and their association with MAFLD, obesity, T2DM and metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Ba Receptors and Their Effect On Metabolic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota in Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease and in Other Chronic Metabolic Diseases

Hernández-Ceballos¹,

Córdova-Gallardo²,

Méndez-Sánchez³

2021

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology

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“…As a result, metformin may modulate immune response, inhibit inflammation, reduce permeability and improve tight junction in the gut ( Lee et al, 2021 ). In recent years, bile acids have been shown to play an important role in the regulation of intestinal functions ( Yang et al, 2021 ). It is interesting that metformin may inhibit the reabsorption of bile acids leading to increased availability of bile acids to the gut ( Lee et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin Reduces the Risk of Diverticula of Intestine in Taiwanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Tseng

2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Aim: To investigate the risk of diverticula of intestine associated with metformin use.Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database to enroll 307,548 ever users and 18,839 never users of metformin. The patients were followed up starting on January 1, 2006 and ending on a date up to December 31, 2011. To address confounding by indication, hazard ratios were derived from Cox regression based on the inverse probability of treatment weighting using propensity score.Results: During follow-up, newly diagnosed cases of diverticula were identified in 1,828 ever users (incidence rate: 125.59 per 100,000 person-years) and 223 never users (incidence rate: 268.17 per 100,000 person-years). Ever users had an approximately 54% lower risk, as shown by the overall hazard ratio of 0.464 (95% confidence interval 0.404–0.534). While patients categorized in each tertile of cumulative duration of metformin therapy were compared to never users, a dose-response pattern was observed with hazard ratios of 0.847 (0.730–0.983), 0.455 (0.391–0.531) and 0.216 (0.183–0.255) for the first (<27.37 months), second (27.37–59.70 months) and third (>59.70 months) tertiles, respectively. The findings were similar when the diagnosis of diverticula was restricted to the small intestine or to the colon. Subgroup analyses suggested that the lower risk of diverticula of intestine associated with metformin use was significant in all age groups of <50, 50–64 and ≥65 years, but the magnitude of risk reduction attenuated with increasing age.Conclusion: Metformin treatment is associated with a significantly reduced risk of diverticula of intestine.

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“…Liver diseases differentially affect BA concentration and distribution and composition, so as in the intestine ( 7 ). Strong imbalance or disruption in BA synthesis and secretion processes are associated with various liver and gastrointestinal diseases, such as BA synthesis disorder (inborn) and primary biliary cholangitis ( 8 ). Recent studies demonstrated that microbial BA metabolism and its alterations by diet and host signaling are implicated in obesity associated metabolic diseases ( 9 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Spatial Visualization of Dysregulated Bile Acid Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Mass Spectral Imaging

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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Emerging roles of bile acids in control of intestinal functions

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Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

Gut Microbiota in Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease and in Other Chronic Metabolic Diseases

Gut Microbiota in Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease and in Other Chronic Metabolic Diseases

Metformin Reduces the Risk of Diverticula of Intestine in Taiwanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Identification and Spatial Visualization of Dysregulated Bile Acid Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Mass Spectral Imaging

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