Emerging Roles of Dysregulated MicroRNAs in Myasthenia Gravis

Abstract

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare acquired autoimmune neuromuscular disease. Autoantibodies, cellular immunity, complement, and cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of MG. It is characterized by the dysfunction of neuromuscular junction transmission and skeletal muscle weakness. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small molecule ribonucleic acids that regulate various biological processes (e.g., development, differentiation, and immunity) at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels of gene expression. miRNAs play an important regulatory role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including MG. In recent studies, the functional mechanisms underlying the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of MG have received increasing attention. miRNAs are highly stable and have high specificity in peripheral body fluids. Therefore, the miRNAs in body fluids may represent promising biomarkers for determining the prognosis of MG and the efficacy of treatment. This article reviews the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of MG, highlights the potential of miRNAs as new biomarkers for the diagnosis of MG, and deepens our understanding of disease processes.

Systems Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Reveals the Mechanisms of Nux Vomica for the Prevention of Myasthenia Gravis

“…We also identified the miRNA pathway in cancer. An increasing number of studies have suggested that miRNAs are involved in the occurrence and development of MG [ 39 ]. The miRNA profile of peripheral blood from MG patients was sequenced using a next-generation sequencing approach, and 41 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in nonresponders versus responders to immunosuppressive therapies.…”

The intricate dance of non-coding RNAs in myasthenia gravis pathogenesis and treatment

“…Unlike AChR and MuSK antibodies, Lrp4 and agrin antibodies are rare in MG, resulting in limited research on these subgroups. Although some miRNAs have been identified as potential regulators of Lrp4 or agrin (82)(83)(84)(85)(86)(87)(88), the precise relationship between miRNAs and these two antibodies remains undiscovered (89).…”