Emission analysis of the CH4/NH3/air co-firing fuels in a model combustor

Zhang, Meng; An, Zhenhua; Wei, Xutao; Wang, Jinhua; Huang, Zuohua; Tan, Houzhang

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120135

Cited by 126 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…While N 2 O had a correlation with NH and HNO components (An et al, 2021), which is similar with the results by the same combustion group. (Zhang et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2021b;Wei et al, 2021).…”

Section: No X Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Combustion Characteristics of Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Fuel

Lai

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Energy Res.

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A comprehensive review of combustion characteristics of ammonia (NH3) as a carbon free fuel is presented. NH3 is an attractive alternative fuel candidate to reduce the consumption of fossil fuel and the emission of CO2, soot, and hydrocarbon pollutants, due to its comparable combustion properties, productivities from renewable sources, and storage and transportation by current commercial infrastructure. However, the combustion properties of NH3 are quite different from conventional hydrocarbon fuels, which highlight the specific difficulties during the application of NH3. Therefore, this paper presents comparative experimental and numerical studies of the application of NH3 as a fuel during combustion process, including the combustion properties of laminar burning velocity, flame structures, pollutant emissions for the application of NH3 as a carbon free fuel. This paper presents the burning velocity and pollutant emissions of NH3 alone and mixtures with other fuels to improve the combustion properties. The aim of this paper is to review and describe the suitability of NH3 as a fuel, including the combustion and emission characteristics of NH3 during its combustion process.

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Section: No X Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Combustion Characteristics of Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Fuel

Lai

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Energy Res.

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“…The cross-chemical reaction of HCN and HNC with CH 3 may also be relevant to the blending mechanism. 10,11…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical study on the kinetics of hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen isocyanide reactions with the methyl radical

Xie

Song

2023

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…Ammonia (NH 3 ) is an emerging carbon-free fuel, which could be produced either by fossil fuels via a matured Haber–Bosch process coupled with carbon capture and storage facilities (CCS) or by those green hydrogen (H 2 ) from electrolysis of water with renewable electricity (e.g., wind power and solar power). − In this way, ammonia is deemed as a hydrogen carrier and renewable fuel and as novel carbon-free alternative fuel for various engines (e.g., compression ignition engine and gas turbine), fuel cells, and industrial furnaces. ,,− Co-firing coal with ammonia in power station boilers was first proposed by Japan in 2014 , and recently is gaining more attention worldwide. ,− Existing studies on ammonia–coal co-firing primarily investigate the formation and emission characteristics of NO x considering the extra introduction of massive fuel nitrogen contained in ammonia molecule. , A series of experimental studies have been carried out by CRIEPI (Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Japan), IHI Corporation, , Hokkaido University, , and Osaka University on lab scale (e.g., 760 kW th ) and pilot scale (e.g., 1.2 MW th ) coal combustion apparatus, investigating the effects of ammonia co-firing ratio, ammonia injection position and parameters, co-firing mode with coal/air (e.g., premixed with coal stream and premixed with air stream), coal properties (e.g., volatile matter content), and air staging on the formation and emission of NO and N 2 O. The results showed that emission of NO was not monotonically increased with increasing ammonia co-firing ratio, and reasonable organization of ammonia and coal stream could reduce the NO emission with ammonia co-firing (e.g., at a co-firing ratio of 10 cal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing into Volatile Combustion Flame and Particulate Formation Behavior During the Coal and Ammonia Co-firing Process

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2022

Energy Fuels

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Co-firing ammonia in coal-fired utility boilers is a promising de-carbon technical route for power stations, yet currently, there is still no information on how co-firing ammonia would affect the release and conversion of volatiles. Here, coal pellets were burned with/without ammonia co-firing on a flat-flame burner facility in both fuel-lean and -rich conditions. Detailed information on time-resolved evolution of volatile flame, size evolution of soot particles in flame, and changes in their physiochemical structures was obtained. It was observed that co-firing ammonia promoted devolatilization of coal and release of volatiles, leading to an earlier ignition moment in both fuel-lean and -rich conditions. In the flame, massive soot particles were formed from volatiles, and co-firing ammonia affected the conversion of volatiles into soot and changed the flame radiation properties. Interestingly, both the number density of all soot and size of primary soot particles increased after co-firing ammonia in fuel-lean conditions (by 2.5 times and ∼10 nm, respectively), while they decreased in fuel-rich conditions. In fuel-lean conditions, co-firing ammonia promoted inception and surface growth of soot due to competitive consumption of O 2 and increased flame temperature, while in fuel-rich conditions, these effects were offset by partial consumption of soot precursors by forming nitrogencontaining species. Furthermore, when ammonia was co-fired, fringe length, tortuosity, and especially inter-fringe spacing of soot increased slightly, indicating that particles formed in co-firing flames might show higher oxidation reactivity than those formed without ammonia co-firing.

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Emission analysis of the CH4/NH3/air co-firing fuels in a model combustor

Cited by 126 publications

References 20 publications

A Review on Combustion Characteristics of Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Fuel

A Review on Combustion Characteristics of Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Fuel

Theoretical study on the kinetics of hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen isocyanide reactions with the methyl radical

Probing into Volatile Combustion Flame and Particulate Formation Behavior During the Coal and Ammonia Co-firing Process

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