Emission and Absorption Cross-Sections of Mg/Er-Codoped Near-Stoichiometric ${\rm LiNbO}_{3}$ Crystals

Zhang, De‐Long; Gao, Jian; Vallés, Juan A.; Xu, Chao; Sun, L.; Xu, Yuheng; Pun, Edwin Yue-Bun

doi:10.1109/jqe.2010.2050863

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Over the past years, much work has been done on this subject and much information is available. In particular, in the aspect of Er 3+ absorption and emission cross sections, which are crucial parameters for the optical amplification application, although researchers have already reported the results of both the bulk material [6,[10][11][12][13][14] and waveguide structure [15][16][17][18][19][20][21], the knowledge is not complete yet. Previous studies focused mainly on the typical transitions 4 (2.7 µm) is also an important electronic transition of Er 3+ ion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2.7 μm emission of Er³⁺-doped LiNbO₃crystals and its thermal effect

Zhang¹,

Hou²,

Hua³

et al. 2014

Laser Phys. Lett.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have studied the 2.7 µm emission of singly Er 3+ -doped and Er 3+ /D n+ -codoped (D n+ = Yb 3+ , Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ and In 3+ ) LiNbO 3 crystals, as well as its thermal effect. The emission and absorption cross section spectra were calculated from the measured emission spectra. The results show that the peaking emission and absorption cross section values vary around 1 × 10 −20 cm 2 and increase slightly with the increased rare-earth ion concentration. The codoping of optical-damage-resistant ions Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ and In 3+ tends to reduce the cross section value. The different effects are related to the fact that the rare-earth/optical-damageresistant ion doping induces successive increase/decrease of intrinsic defects, slight spectral broadening/narrowing of Er 3+ absorption (emission) band, and hence slight increase/decrease of Er 3+ absorption (emission). The thermal effect study shows that the peaking emission intensity decreases by ∼78% with the temperature rise of only 54 • C from 24 • C.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2.7 μm emission of Er³⁺-doped LiNbO₃crystals and its thermal effect

Zhang¹,

Hou²,

Hua³

et al. 2014

Laser Phys. Lett.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Until now, the Er 3+ spectroscopic knowledge tends to be complete. Researchers have reported various aspects of Er 3+ spectroscopic properties such as absorption and emission (including upconversion) characteristics, − Judd–Ofelt theoretical data, − site occupation in the lattice, − and absorption and emission cross sections of the Er 3+ ion in both bulk material ,− and waveguide structure. − Some papers about the growth, optical, and Tm 3+ spectroscopic properties of homogeneously doped LN have also been published. ,− For the Er 3+ /Tm 3+ codoping case, however, few papers could be found in the literature. Although two previous papers involved with the (bulk) Er 3+ /Tm 3+ -codoped LN, , the study concentrated on Er 3+ site occupation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Factors on the Growth of the Er³⁺/Tm³⁺-Codoped LiNbO₃ Crystal by Er³⁺/Tm³⁺ Codiffusion

Zhang

Qiu

Hua

et al. 2013

Crystal Growth & Design

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The influence of factors on the growth of the Er3+/Tm3+-codoped LiNbO3 (LN) crystal by codiffusion of stacked Er and Tm metal thin films was studied. These factors include the thicknesses and the coating sequence of the Er and Tm metal films, and the growth is characterized by the diffusivity and solubility. To achieve the goal, Er3+/Tm3+-codoped LN crystals were grown by codiffusion in air at 1130 °C of stacked Er and Tm metal thin films coated onto the surface of Z-cut congruent LN plates. The metal films have different thicknesses and coating sequences. After the growth, the Er3+ and Tm3+ profiles were analyzed by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The Er3+/Tm3+ diffusivity and surface concentration were obtained from the measured profiles. The diffusivity is influenced by neither the thickness nor the coating sequence of metal films. The solubility consists of Er3+ and Tm3+ components, and the two components equal the respective concentrations in the diffusion reservoir and change with the initial metal film thickness. Nevertheless, their sum, i.e., the solubility, remains a constant at a given temperature and shows a weaker effect of either the crystal cut or the coating sequence of Er and Tm films, together with the two components. In addition, the emission characteristics of the Er3+/Tm3+ diffusion-codoped LN were investigated. The results show that the codoping allows the combination of the wavelength emissions of both ions, and the resultant emission band in the telecommunication window around 1.5 μm is as wide as 150 nm, providing the possibility of S+C+L broadband amplification by employing the commercial 980 and 795 nm laser diodes as the pump sources.

show abstract

“…Up to date, the Er 3+ spectroscopic knowledge tends to be complete. Researchers have reported various aspects of Er 3+ spectroscopic properties such as absorption and emission (including upconversion) characteristics, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Judd-Ofelt theoretical data, [21][22][23][24][25][26] site occupation in lattice, [27][28][29][30][31] and absorption and emission cross-section characteristics of Er 3+ ion in both the bulk material 6,[32][33][34][35][36] and waveguide structure. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43] In the aspect of absorption and emission cross section, the knowledge is not complete yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission and Absorption Cross Sections at 810 and 860 nm Bands of Er³⁺ in LiNbO₃ Crystal

et al. 2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have measured the unpolarized and polarized emission spectra of 4I9/2→4I15/2 (810 nm) and 4S3/2→4I13/2 (860 nm) electronic transitions of Er3+ in LiNbO3 crystal under different incident directions and polarization states of excitation beam. From the measured emission spectra, the emission and absorption cross‐section spectra were calculated based upon McCumber theory. It is found that Er3+ electronic transition shows interesting excitation beam direction effect in polarization dependence, spectral shape, and cross‐section value. Both transitions are highly π‐polarized as the excitation beam was aligned perpendicular to the optical axis of crystal while being highly σ‐polarized as the excitation beam was oriented parallel to the optical axis of crystal. The spectral shape in the case of the perpendicular excitation is very different from that in the case of parallel excitation. The cross‐section value in the perpendicular excitation case is at least 1.5 times larger than that in the parallel excitation case. These excitation direction effects are independent of the polarization state of excitation light, and are attributed to the selective Er3+ site excitation. In addition, the Er3+ 860 nm emission lifetime was measured to be 27 ± 5 μs and the quantum efficiency of the emission is 2.5%.

show abstract

Emission and Absorption Cross-Sections of Mg/Er-Codoped Near-Stoichiometric ${\rm LiNbO}_{3}$ Crystals

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

2.7 μm emission of Er³⁺-doped LiNbO₃crystals and its thermal effect

2.7 μm emission of Er³⁺-doped LiNbO₃crystals and its thermal effect

Influence of Factors on the Growth of the Er³⁺/Tm³⁺-Codoped LiNbO₃ Crystal by Er³⁺/Tm³⁺ Codiffusion

Emission and Absorption Cross Sections at 810 and 860 nm Bands of Er³⁺ in LiNbO₃ Crystal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Emission and Absorption Cross-Sections of Mg/Er-Codoped Near-Stoichiometric ${\rm LiNbO}_{3}$ Crystals

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

2.7 μm emission of Er3+-doped LiNbO3crystals and its thermal effect

2.7 μm emission of Er3+-doped LiNbO3crystals and its thermal effect

Influence of Factors on the Growth of the Er3+/Tm3+-Codoped LiNbO3 Crystal by Er3+/Tm3+ Codiffusion

Emission and Absorption Cross Sections at 810 and 860 nm Bands of Er3+ in LiNbO3 Crystal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

2.7 μm emission of Er³⁺-doped LiNbO₃crystals and its thermal effect

2.7 μm emission of Er³⁺-doped LiNbO₃crystals and its thermal effect

Influence of Factors on the Growth of the Er³⁺/Tm³⁺-Codoped LiNbO₃ Crystal by Er³⁺/Tm³⁺ Codiffusion

Emission and Absorption Cross Sections at 810 and 860 nm Bands of Er³⁺ in LiNbO₃ Crystal