Emission detectors

Bolozdynya, A.; Egorov, V.; Rodionov, B.U.; Miroshnichenko, V.P.

doi:10.1109/23.467913

Cited by 50 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The fact that free electrons can cross, under moderate electric field, the liquid/gas boundary has been known for more than 60 years [1]. Owing to its application to particle detection, electron emission has been extensively studied for several decades (for example, [46], [204] and many others -see [9] for more references). The decisive impetus to this technique came in the last decade from the growing interest in direct detection of WIMP dark matter, which led to several programs worldwide.…”

Section: Electron Emission From Liquid To Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…V 0 is the electron energy in the liquid relative to the vacuum level; E th is the threshold field for electron emission; E c is minimum field strength for which the mean electron energy begins to deviate from thermal; ε th is the mean electron energy at E = E th ; ε sat is the mean electron energy at the field corresponding to saturation of the emission curve ( Figure 18). Data from [142,204,205,207].…”

Section: Electron Emission From Liquid To Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics

2013

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We review the current status of liquid noble gas radiation detectors with energy threshold in the keV range, which are of interest for direct dark matter searches, measurement of coherent neutrino scattering and other low energy particle physics experiments. Emphasis is given to the operation principles and the most important instrumentation aspects of these detectors, principally of those operated in the double-phase mode. Recent technological advances and relevant developments in photon detection and charge readout are discussed in the context of their applicability to those experiments.

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Section: Electron Emission From Liquid To Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electron Emission From Liquid To Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics

2013

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“…It is known that the electron emission from a liquid into the gas phase has a threshold behavior due to a potential barrier at the liquid-gas interface [10][11][12]: it takes place only if the electric field exceeds a critical value, of about 2 kV/cm in Kr. Therefore, the signature for the liquid layer formation should be a disappearance of the anode current recorded in the cathode gap (first GEM acting as an anode) at a field value close or below the threshold.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, two-phase detectors [8][9][10][11][12], which initially seemed to solve the problem, turned out to have unstable operation in the avalanche mode: gain instabilities observed in two-phase Kr and Xe [9][10][11][12] were believed to arise due to condensation of a saturated vapor on wire electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic avalanche detectors based on gas electron multipliers

Bondar

Snopkov

Tikhonov

2004

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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We study the performances of gaseous and two-phase (liquid-gas) cryogenic detectors of ionizing radiation based on gas electron multipliers (GEMs) and operated in an avalanche mode in pure noble gases. The gas amplification in He, Ar and Kr is systematically studied at low temperatures, using triple-GEM multipliers. High gains, exceeding 10 4 , were obtained in these gases in the range of 120-300 K. Stable electron avalanching was demonstrated in a saturated Kr vapor in the two-phase mode. These results are relevant for understanding basic mechanisms of electron avalanching at low temperatures and for applications in cryogenic particle detectors, in particular in dark matter and solar neutrino detectors.

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“…It was implemented in several instruments, including the emission streamer chamber [2]. Subsequently, it was shown that film free (electron) emission detectors (EDs) that operate in the wall less mode are promising in studies of rare pro cesses with small energy deposition [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of single-electron noise in a liquid-xenon emission detector

et al. 2012

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A technique for studying single electron noise in emission detectors that are intended for detec tion of rare processes with small energy releases is developed. Examples of possible applications are experi ments for search of dark matter in the Universe and detection of reactor antineutrinos via coherent neutrino scattering at heavy xenon nuclei. We present the first results of studying the nature of single electron noise in a liquid xenon emission detector and consider possible ways to suppress it.Note: µ 0 is the electron mobility in the zero field approximation; V 0 is the potential energy of the electron ground state; E c is the critical field in which electron heating is initiated; E 0 is the field corresponding to the emission threshold; and t e is the emission time.

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Emission detectors

Cited by 50 publications

References 9 publications

Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics

Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics

Cryogenic avalanche detectors based on gas electron multipliers

Measurement of single-electron noise in a liquid-xenon emission detector

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