Emission factors of particulate and gaseous compounds from a large cargo vessel operated under real-world conditions

Huang, Cheng; Hu, Qingyao; Wang, Hanyu; Qiao, Liping; Jing, Shengao; Wang, Hongli; Zhou, Min; Zhu, Shuhui; Ma, Yingge; Lou, Shengrong; Li, Li; Tao, Shiheng; Li, Yingjie; Lou, Diming

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.036

Cited by 74 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In ship exhausts, the highest emission factors (apart from CO 2 ) have been found for NO x (Endresen, 2003;Eyring, 2005;Huang et al, 2018). Large ship engines emit an average of 76 kg of NO x per metric ton of fuel combusted (Eyring, 2005).…”

Section: Seaways Influenced By Maritime Traffic: Red Sea Gulf Of Adementioning

confidence: 99%

“…With VOC and NO x emissions from ship exhausts (Boersma et al, 2015;Endresen, 2003;Huang et al, 2018) and VOCs from oil and gas operations (Buzcu and Fraser, 2006;Gilman et al, 2009Gilman et al, , 2013Schade and Roest, 2016;Milazzo et al, 2017), the air around the Arabian Peninsula is expected to contain significant levels of pollution. In Saudi Arabian cities, OH reactivity has been reported to range from 14 to 42 s −1 (from the sum of individual measurements), dominated by alkenes (Barletta et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Downwind of oil and gas production in Colorado, OH reactivity of VOCs was dominated by alkanes (60 %), followed by OVOCs (27 %) and alkenes (8 %; Gilman et al, 2013). The largest OH sink among the VOCs in the exhaust plume of a ship operating at full speed is alkenes (42 %), followed by aromatics (40 %), OVOCs (12 %) and alkanes (5 %; estimated using emission factors from Huang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Shipborne measurements of total OH reactivity around the Arabian Peninsula and its role in ozone chemistry

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The Arabian Peninsula is characterized by high and increasing levels of photochemical air pollution. Strong solar irradiation, high temperatures and large anthropogenic emissions of reactive trace gases result in intense photochemical activity, especially during the summer months. However, air chemistry measurements in the region are scarce. In order to assess regional pollution sources and oxidation rates, the first ship-based direct measurements of total OH reactivity were performed in summer 2017 from a vessel traveling around the peninsula during the AQABA (Air Quality and Climate Change in the Arabian Basin) campaign. Total OH reactivity is the total loss frequency of OH radicals due to all reactive compounds present in air and defines the local lifetime of OH, the most important oxidant in the troposphere. During the AQABA campaign, the total OH reactivity ranged from below the detection limit (5.4 s−1) over the northwestern Indian Ocean (Arabian Sea) to a maximum of 32.8±9.6 s−1 over the Arabian Gulf (also known as Persian Gulf) when air originated from large petroleum extraction/processing facilities in Iraq and Kuwait. In the polluted marine regions, OH reactivity was broadly comparable to highly populated urban centers in intensity and composition. The permanent influence of heavy maritime traffic over the seaways of the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and Gulf of Oman resulted in median OH sinks of 7.9–8.5 s−1. Due to the rapid oxidation of direct volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) were observed to be the main contributor to OH reactivity around the Arabian Peninsula (9 %–35 % by region). Over the Arabian Gulf, alkanes and alkenes from the petroleum extraction and processing industry were an important OH sink with ∼9 % of total OH reactivity each, whereas NOx and aromatic hydrocarbons (∼10 % each) played a larger role in the Suez Canal, which is influenced more by ship traffic and urban emissions. We investigated the number and identity of chemical species necessary to explain the total OH sink. Taking into account ∼100 individually measured chemical species, the observed total OH reactivity can typically be accounted for within the measurement uncertainty (50 %), with 10 dominant trace gases accounting for 20 %–39 % of regional total OH reactivity. The chemical regimes causing the intense ozone pollution around the Arabian Peninsula were investigated using total OH reactivity measurements. Ozone vs. OH reactivity relationships were found to be a useful tool for differentiating between ozone titration in fresh emissions and photochemically aged air masses. Our results show that the ratio of NOx- and VOC-attributed OH reactivity was favorable for ozone formation almost all around the Arabian Peninsula, which is due to NOx and VOCs from ship exhausts and, often, oil/gas production. Therewith, total OH reactivity measurements help to elucidate the chemical processes underlying the extreme tropospheric ozone concentrations observed in summer over the Arabian Basin.

show abstract

Section: Seaways Influenced By Maritime Traffic: Red Sea Gulf Of Adementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Shipborne measurements of total OH reactivity around the Arabian Peninsula and its role in ozone chemistry

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…OVOCs accounted for 12−21 % of total OH reactivity there, alkenes 4−9 %, inorganics (dominated by SO 2 and CO) 4−6 %, aromatics 3−8 % and alkanes 4−5 %. All those classes of compounds can stem from fuel combustion in ships (Endresen, 2003;Eyring, 2005;Huang et al, 2018;Xiao et al, 2018), which emit an average of 43 kg of SO x , 4.7 kg of CO 15 and 7 kg of hydrocarbons per ton of fuel combusted (Eyring, 2005).…”

Section: Seaways Influenced By Maritime Traffic: Red Sea Gulf Of Adementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The OH sink also affects the atmospheric residence time of methane and therewith its global budget, which still poses a challenge in models (Zhao et al, 2019). 10With VOC and NO x emissions from ship exhausts Endresen, 2003;Huang et al, 2018) and VOCs from oil and gas operations (Buzcu and Fraser, 2006; Gilman et al, 2009;Gilman et al, 2013;Schade and Roest, 2016;Milazzo et al, 2017), the air around the Arabian Peninsula is expected to contain significant levels of pollution. In Saudi Arabian cities, OH reactivity has been reported to range from 14 to 42 s -1 (from the sum of individual measurements), dominated by alkenes (Barletta et al, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shipborne measurements of total OH reactivity around the Arabian Peninsula and its role in ozone chemistry

Pfannerstill¹,

Wang²,

Edtbauer³

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Arabian Peninsula is characterized by high and increasing levels of photochemical air pollution. Strong solar irradiation, high temperatures and large anthropogenic emissions of reactive trace gases result in intense photochemical activity, especially during the summer months. However, air chemistry measurements in the region are scarce. In order to assess regional pollution sources and oxidation rates, the first ship-based direct measurements of total OH reactivity were 15 performed in summer 2017 from a vessel travelling around the peninsula during the AQABA (Air Quality and Climate Change in the Arabian Basin) campaign. Total OH reactivity is the total loss frequency of OH radicals due to all reactive compounds present in air and defines the local lifetime of OH, the most important oxidant in the troposphere. During the AQABA campaign, the total OH reactivity ranged from below the detection limit (5.4 s -1 ) over the north-western Indian Ocean (Arabian Sea) to a maximum of 32.8 ± 9.6 s -1 over the Arabian Gulf (also known as Persian Gulf) when air originated 20 from large petroleum extraction/processing facilities in Iraq and Kuwait. In the polluted marine regions, OH reactivity was broadly comparable to highly populated urban centers in intensity and composition. The permanent influence of heavy maritime traffic over the seaways of the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and Gulf of Oman resulted in median OH sinks of 7.9−8.5 s -1 . Due to the rapid oxidation of direct volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) were observed to be the main contributor to OH reactivity around the Arabian Peninsula (9−35 % by 25 region). Over the Arabian Gulf, alkanes and alkenes from the petroleum extraction and processing industry were an important OH sink with ~9 % of total OH reactivity each, whereas NO x and aromatic hydrocarbons (~10 % each) played a larger role in the Suez Canal, which is influenced more by ship traffic and urban emissions. We investigated the number and identity of chemical species necessary to explain the total OH sink. Taking into account ~100 individually measured chemical species, the observed total OH reactivity can typically be accounted for within the measurement uncertainty, with 30 10 dominant trace gases accounting for 20−39 % of regional total OH reactivity. The chemical regimes causing the intense ozone pollution around the Arabian Peninsula were investigated using total OH reactivity measurements. Ozone vs. OH reactivity relationships were found to be a useful tool for differentiating between ozone titration in fresh emissions and https://doi.photochemically aged air masses. Our results show that the ratio of NO x -and VOC-attributed OH reactivity was favorable for ozone formation almost all around the Arabian Peninsula, which is due to NO x and VOCs from ship exhausts and, often, oil/gas production. Therewith, total OH reactivity measurements help to elucidate the chemical processes underlying the extreme tropospheric ozone concentrations observed in sum...

show abstract

Application of clusterization algorithms for analysis of semivolatile pollutants in Arkhangelsk snow

Mazur

Sosnova²,

Latkin³

et al. 2022

Anal Bioanal Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emission factors of particulate and gaseous compounds from a large cargo vessel operated under real-world conditions

Cited by 74 publications

References 39 publications

Shipborne measurements of total OH reactivity around the Arabian Peninsula and its role in ozone chemistry

Shipborne measurements of total OH reactivity around the Arabian Peninsula and its role in ozone chemistry

Shipborne measurements of total OH reactivity around the Arabian Peninsula and its role in ozone chemistry

Application of clusterization algorithms for analysis of semivolatile pollutants in Arkhangelsk snow

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About