Emission identification and health risk potential of allergy-causing fragrant substances in PM 2.5 from incense burning

Kuo, Su-Ching; Tsai, Ying I.; Sopajaree, Khajornsak

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.01.012

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…An additional limitation is that information on type of the incense burned was not available. A previous study in Taiwan suggested that the emission characteristics and health risk potential, particularly allergenic potential, of incense smoke varied for different types of incense sticks . This may also contribute to the inconsistent findings from previous studies, especially those in different regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Household incense burning and children's respiratory health: A cohort study in Hong Kong

Zhang

Tan

Huss

et al. 2019

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Background: Incense burning is an important source of indoor air pollution in many Asian regions. We investigated the associations between household incense burning and lung function, lung function growth and respiratory diseases and symptoms in primary school children in Hong Kong.Methods: A total of 4041 children (mean age: 9.1 years) were recruited from 27 primary schools in Hong Kong. Information on incense burning and medical history of respiratory diseases and symptoms was collected by questionnaire. Spirometry tests were performed to measure the children's lung function. A follow-up study was carried out after 1-year interval. Linear and logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations between incense burning, lung function, and lung function growth, and respiratory diseases and symptoms, respectively.Results: At baseline, incense burning was associated with 48.6 mL/min [95% confidence interval (CI): −96.7, −0.5] lower maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) in boys. In follow-up, incense burning was associated with reduced peak expiratory flow (PEF) growth in all participants. We also found that incense burning was associated with increased prevalence of bronchitis [odds ratio (OR) = 1.39, 95%CI:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Household incense burning and children's respiratory health: A cohort study in Hong Kong

Zhang

Tan

Huss

et al. 2019

Pediatric Pulmonology

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“…Moreover, on average there are 2.31 factories per square kilometer and many of them are located near commercial districts and residential areas [28]. Local culture also plays a role in this study since there are unique emission sources of O 3 precursors in Taiwan, such as the frequent burning of joss paper and incense in thousands of temples [29,30]. These two main emission sources not only elevate the level of pollutants but also increase the difficulty in predicting the spatial-temporal variability of O 3 in Taiwan.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asian Culturally Specific Predictors in a Large-Scale Land Use Regression Model to Predict Spatial-Temporal Variability of Ozone Concentration

Hsu

Chen

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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This paper developed a land use regression (LUR) model to study the spatial-temporal variability of O3 concentrations in Taiwan, which has typical Asian cultural characteristics with diverse local emission sources. The Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) data of O3 concentrations from 2000 and 2013 were used to develop this model, while observations from 2014 were used as the external data verification to assess model reliability. The distribution of temples, cemeteries, and crematoriums was included for a potential predictor as an Asian culturally specific source for incense and joss money burning. We used stepwise regression for the LUR model development, and applied 10-fold cross-validation and external data for the verification of model reliability. With the overall model R2 of 0.74 and a 10-fold cross-validated R2 of 0.70, this model presented a mid-high prediction performance level. Moreover, during the stepwise selection procedures, the number of temples, cemeteries, and crematoriums was selected as an important predictor. By using the long-term monitoring data to establish an LUR model with culture specific predictors, this model can better depict O3 concentration variation in Asian areas.

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“…In addition, the potential impacts on human health may vary by the chemical compositions of particles, which not only affect toxicity by the presence of specific toxic elements, Moreover, in average, there are 2.31 factories per square kilometer and many of them are located near commercial districts and residential areas [28]. Local culture also plays a role in this study, as Taiwan has some unique emission sources of inorganic and organic components in PM 2.5 , such as the constant burning of joss paper and incense by thousands of temples and stir frying, a Chinese cooking technique used by almost all restaurants and households [29,30]. Additionally, one quarter of the land in Taiwan is a cultivated area and the growing of crops is commonly stimulated by fertilizers, such as potassium nitrate and ammonium sulfate [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Land-Use Regression Models to Estimate PM2.5-Bound Compound Concentrations

Hsu

Hsiao

et al. 2018

Remote Sensing

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Epidemiology estimates how exposure to pollutants may impact human health. It often needs detailed determination of ambient concentrations to avoid exposure misclassification. However, it is unrealistic to collect pollutant data from each and every subject. Land-use regression (LUR) models have thus been used frequently to estimate individual levels of exposures to ambient air pollution. This paper used remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) tools to develop ten regression models for PM2.5-bound compound concentration based on measurements of a six-year period including , OC, EC, Ba, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Sb. The explained variance (R2) of these LUR models ranging from 0.60 to 0.92 confirms that this study successfully estimated the fine spatial variability of PM2.5-bound compound concentrations in Taiwan where the distribution of traffic, industrial area, greenness, and culture-specific PM2.5 sources like temples collected from GIS and remote sensing data were main variables. In particular, while they were much less used, this study showcased the necessity of remote sensing data of greenness in future LUR studies for reducing the exposure bias. In terms of local residents’ health outcome or health effect indicators, this study further offers much-needed support for future air epidemiological studies. The results provide important insights into expanding the application of GIS and remote sensing on exposure assessment for PM2.5-bound compounds.

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Emission identification and health risk potential of allergy-causing fragrant substances in PM 2.5 from incense burning

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Household incense burning and children's respiratory health: A cohort study in Hong Kong

Household incense burning and children's respiratory health: A cohort study in Hong Kong

Asian Culturally Specific Predictors in a Large-Scale Land Use Regression Model to Predict Spatial-Temporal Variability of Ozone Concentration

Developing Land-Use Regression Models to Estimate PM2.5-Bound Compound Concentrations

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