Emission of Particulates and Chosen Gaseous Exhausts Components During a Diesel Engine Starting Process

Abstract

It is very important to reduce harmful emissions in rural areas. One of the ways is to replace old tractors and farm machinery with the modern, equipped with engines of the highest standards. However, the cost of such replacement is very high and not always acceptable, especially for smaller farmers, nevertheless, due to the needs of sustainable agriculture it should be kept up. This work focuses on exhaust harmful emission during a start-up of a diesel engine installed in a small agricultural tractor. Based on measurements and recorded data, calculations of exhaust gas emission were carried out. The results indicate that the engine starting process, and its initial temperature, have a considerable impact on the emissions during the analyzed operation period. The most important is cold start process which is responsible for most harmful pollutants emission during the initial period of engine work. The temperature of cold start is also noticeable for cold starts and for worm starts as well.

Repeatability of High-Pressure Measurement in a Diesel Engine Test Bed

“…Technical characteristics of the engine installed in the examined test bed are shown in Table 1. Figure 1 as follows: (1) engine, (2) fuel tank, (3) electric fuel pump, (4) fuel filter, (5) high-pressure fuel pump, (6) rail, (7) fuel pressure sensor, (8) injector, (9) controller of common rail supply system, (10) crank shaft speed sensor, (11)(12)(13)(14) Figure 1 as follows: (1) engine, (2) fuel tank, (3) electric fuel pump, (4) fuel filter, (5) high-pressure fuel pump, (6) rail, (7) fuel pressure sensor, (8) injector, (9) controller of common rail supply system, (10) crank shaft speed sensor, (11)(12)(13)(14) additional fuel supply system (optional), and (15) boost control system. In-cylinder pressure measurement was performed with the sensor GU22C made by AVL, designed for thermodynamic analysis.…”

“…Global reduction of petroleum resources and environmental issues related to the usage of internal combustion engines are leading to an increasing trend towards alternative energy sources [4][5][6][7]. To combat this problem, a large number of studies are being conducted worldwide [8][9][10][11][12], and in many cases, have been focused on in-cylinder pressure measurement. For example, Pan and co-authors developed a fast and reasonably accurate dynamic model that was based on a neural network nonlinear identification coupled with an unsupervised feature extraction methodology [13], however, they did not address the issue of measurement uncertainty.…”

The Planning Process of Transport Tasks for Autonomous Vans—Case Study

“…Among the research on fuels, the large share of gaseous fuels, such as LPG [19,20], natural gas [21], CNG [22], LNG [23,24] hydrogen feed systems [25], PEM fuel cells [26], and others [27][28][29], should be emphasized. In recent years, there has been a huge development in the field of internal combustion engines [30][31][32][33][34][35][36], the existing power supply systems for spark ignition engines [37][38][39][40], diesel engines [30,31,[41][42][43], battery electric vehicles [9,[44][45][46][47], and hybrid systems [48][49][50][51]. A completely different issue is autonomous vehicles (AV), which constitute a separate, quite extensive part of the transport sector and hence the great interest and multifaceted research in this field [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59].…”

Technologies of using energy harvesting systems in motor vehicles - energy from suspension system

“…The constantly growing volume of transport performance of individual road transport and the high concentration of transport in general have a very negative effect on environmental pollution and humanity as a whole [1]. Besides, road transport carries certain risks, the most important of which are road accidents [2], the phenomenon of transport congestion [3; 4], noise [5] and exhaust emissions to the environment [6][7][8]. The transport sector consumes a significant amount of energy and is at the same time a major source of environmental pollution [9].…”