Emission of reactive terpene compounds from orange orchards and their removal by within‐canopy processes

Ciccioli, P.; Brancaleoni, E.; Frattoni, Massimiliano; Palo, V. Di; Валентини, Р.; Tirone, G.; Seufert, G.; Bertin, Nadia; Hansen, Ute; Csiky, Olav; Lenz, Roman; Sharma, Monica

doi:10.1029/1998jd100026

Cited by 162 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The emissions shown in Figure 3 assume that all of the MT and SQT emitted from pine trees escape into the above-canopy atmosphere. Please note that these results most likely overestimate SQT fluxes because rapid reactions can occur before SQT escape the canopy environment (17). Therefore, the resulting rates are expected to be representative of the sum of the primary emissions and secondary compounds a These ratios were then multiplied with the overall SQT emission rate to obtain a weighted average contribution of individual SQT and a ranking of the importance of individual compounds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sesquiterpene Emissions from Pine Trees − Identifications, Emission Rates and Flux Estimates for the Contiguous United States

Helmig

Ortega

Duhl

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

174

144

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Biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions were studied using vegetation enclosure experiments. Particular emphasis was given to sesquiterpene compounds (SQT), although monoterpenes (MT) were also characterized. SQT were detected in emissions from seven (out of eight) pine species that were examined. Thirteen SQT compounds were identified; the most abundant ones were -caryophyllene, R-bergamotene, -farnesene, and R-farnesene, with emission rates increasing exponentially with temperature. Regression analysis yielded exponential dependencies of both MT and SQT emissions on temperature of the form E ) E 0 × exp( (T -T 0 )). This resulted in SQT basal emission rates (E 0 defined at T 0 ) 30°C) ranging between <4 and 620 ng (carbon) gdw -1 h -1 (gdw ) gram dry weight). The average value of the exponential temperature response factor for SQT emissions, taken from all experiments, was 0.17°C -1 , whereas the value for monoterpenes was 0.11°C -1 . The average, total SQT emissions from pines were estimated to be 9, 16, and 29% of the MT emissions at 20, 30, and 40°C respectively. The emission factors and -factors determined from these measurements were used to estimate pine tree MT and SQT emission distributions for the contiguous United States using MEGAN (model of emissions of gases and aerosols from nature, . SQT fluxes reaching 10-40 mg m -2 for the month of July were estimated for extensive areas of most western and southern U.S. states.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analytical challenges and the high reactivity of SQT in ambient air have hindered successful SQT flux measurements at the ambient scale (17). As an alternative approach, enclosure measurements and scaling techniques have been used for determining SQT landscape fluxes (18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sesquiterpene Emissions from Pine Trees − Identifications, Emission Rates and Flux Estimates for the Contiguous United States

Helmig

Ortega

Duhl

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

174

144

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“…According to Neeb et al (1997) this unknown decomposition rate might mask the real amount released biogenically into the air. Likewise, Ciccioli et al (1999) report on an in-canopy decomposition of reactive terpene species in the Mediterranean area. Though the ozone values at the Balbina site were found to be extremely low, we cannot exclude an OH-derived decomposition of the more reactive terpene species over the Amazon rain forest.…”

Section: Atmospheric Levels Of Isoprene and Monoterpenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOC) at a remote tropical forest site in central Amazonia

Kesselmeier

Kühn

Wolf

et al. 2000

Atmospheric Environment

174

104

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According to recent assessments, tropical woodlands contribute about half of all global natural non-methane volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. Large uncertainties exist especially about #uxes of compounds other than isoprene and monoterpenes. During the Large-Scale Biosphere/Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia } Cooperative LBA Airborne Regional Experiment 1998 (LBA-CLAIRE-98) campaign, we measured the atmospheric mixing ratios of di!erent species of VOC at a ground station at Balbina, Amazonia. The station was located 100 km north of Manaus, SE of the Balbina reservoir, with 200}1000 km of pristine forest in the prevailing wind directions. Sampling methods included DNPH-coated cartridges for carbonyls and cartridges "lled with graphitic carbons of di!erent surface characteristics for other VOCs. The most prominent VOC species present in air were formaldehyde and isoprene, each up to several ppb. Concentrations of methylvinyl ketone as well as methacroleine, both oxidation products of isoprene, were relatively low, indicating a very low oxidation capacity in the lower atmospheric boundary layer, which is in agreement with a daily ozone maximum of (20 ppb. Total monoterpene concentration was below 1 ppb. We detected only very low amounts of VOC species, such as benzene, deriving exclusively from anthropogenic sources.

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“…Quantitative SQT emission rate and landscape flux estimates have been scarce and are highly uncertain. This deficiency stems largely from the high chemical reactivity and low volatility of these compounds which render quantitative landscape flux measurements an experimentally challenging task (Ciccioli et al, 1999 for the unaccounted for OH reactivity in forested environments (Di Carlo et al, 2004). Characterization and recent further developments of analytical techniques for SQT measurements (Helmig et al, 2003(Helmig et al, , 2004aPollmann et al, 2005) were applied in this study for a focused study of SQT emission rates from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.), which is a leading timber species in the United States, predominating on more than 13.4 million hectares of southern forest lands (Shultz, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sesquiterpene emissions from loblolly pine and their potential contribution to biogenic aerosol formation in the Southeastern US

Helmig

Ortega

Herrick

et al. 2006

Atmospheric Environment

133

108

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Sesquiterpene (SQT) and montoterpene (MT) emissions from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were studied by branch enclosure experiments at Duke Forest in Chapel Hill, NC. Four SQT (b-caryophyllene, a-bergamotene, a-humulene, b-farnesene), five MT (a-pinene, b-pinene, b-myrcene, b-phellandrene, limonene), and the oxygenated MT linalool were identified. Emission rates of both compound classes increased exponentially with temperature, albeit SQT temperature coefficients (0.12-0.18 K À1 ) were higher than for MT (0.068-0.15 K À1 ), resulting in an increased contribution of SQT to the overall biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) flux during warm temperature conditions. The highly correlated variables of light and temperature conditions preclude a rigorous characterization of their individual roles in driving these emissions. However, the observations indicate that there may be both temperature-only and temperature/light-dependent components contributing to SQT emission variations. When normalized to 30 1C using the best-fit temperature algorithm, total SQT basal emission rate was 450 ng g À1 h À1 . The potential contribution of SQT from all pine trees (based on the loblolly pine emission factors) to secondary, biogenic organic aerosol in 12 southeastern US states was estimated to be 7 Â 10 6 kg for the month of September which constitutes an appreciable portion of the overall PM 2.5 emission budget. r

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Emission of reactive terpene compounds from orange orchards and their removal by within‐canopy processes

Cited by 162 publications

References 43 publications

Sesquiterpene Emissions from Pine Trees − Identifications, Emission Rates and Flux Estimates for the Contiguous United States

Sesquiterpene Emissions from Pine Trees − Identifications, Emission Rates and Flux Estimates for the Contiguous United States

Atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOC) at a remote tropical forest site in central Amazonia

Sesquiterpene emissions from loblolly pine and their potential contribution to biogenic aerosol formation in the Southeastern US

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