Emission of volatile halogenated compounds, speciation and localization of bromine and iodine in the brown algal genome model Ectocarpus siliculosus

Küpper, Frithjof C.; Miller, Eric P.; Andrews, Stephen; Hughes, Claire; Carpenter, Lucy J.; Meyer‐Klaucke, Wolfram; Toyama, Chiaki; Muramatsu, Yasuyuki; Feiters, Martin C.; Carrano, Carl J.

doi:10.1007/s00775-018-1539-7

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Very little is known about the regulation and homoeostasis of halogen accumulation in seaweeds in general. Ar Gall et al (2004) found iodine levels in the kelp L. digitata to be around half of their winter levels during summer, while a competitive inhibition of bromide accumulation by increased, exogenous iodide levels (which may be somewhat reminiscent of the results of the present study) was observed in the filamentous brown alga Ectocarpus (Küpper et al 2018). However, given the very different physico-chemical properties of iodide and fluoride, it seems unlikely that the same transport and storage mechanisms are operative for both.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Iodine and fluorine concentrations in seaweeds of the Arabian Gulf identified by morphology and DNA barcodes

et al. 2020

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Even though seaweeds have been recognized as key players in the ocean-to-atmosphere transfer of iodine in other parts of the world, there is a complete lack of knowledge about iodine accumulation in seaweeds of the Arabian Gulf. Similarly, very little is known about fluorine in seaweeds, anywhere in the world. Given that the Arabian Gulf is of particular interest due to being an extreme environment, featuring some of the highest temperatures and salinities observed in any marine water body worldwide, this study endeavoured to conduct a preliminary survey of iodine and fluorine levels in 11 of the most common seaweed species in the region, supported by morphological and molecular (DNA barcode)-based identification. Iodine was determined by inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, while ion chromatography was employed for analysis of fluoride. Species surveyed included Iyengaria stellata, Padina boergesenii, Chondria sp.Dictyota dichotoma, Colpomenia sinuosa, Feldmannia indica,Codium papillatum, Sargassum ilicifolium, S. ilicifolium var. acaraeocarpum, Sargassum asperifolium and Sargassum aquifolium. The findings of S. ilicifolium and S. ilicifolium var. acaraeocarpum reported here are new records both for Kuwait and the Arabian Gulf. P. boergesenii and D. dichotoma are new records for Kuwait.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Iodine and fluorine concentrations in seaweeds of the Arabian Gulf identified by morphology and DNA barcodes

et al. 2020

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“…Using the macroalga Ectocarpus, which can be grown reproducibly in the laboratory and has a halogen metabolism that has been recently studied (Küpper et al 2018), we have also investigated the possibility that iodate as well as iodide can be taken up by brown macroalgae. We found that over a time period of days to weeks, iodate concentrations in media containing growing Ectocarpus cultures were found to fall significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of marine algae on iodine speciation in the coastal ocean

Carrano¹,

Yarimizu²,

Gonzales³

et al. 2020

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Iodine exists as a trace element in seawater, with total iodine being generally constant at about 0.45-0.55 μM. Almost all of this iodine occurs in two main forms: iodate and iodide. Iodate is the thermodynamically stable form under normal seawater conditions, and thus should be the only iodine-containing species in the water column. However, iodate concentrations are found to vary considerably, being generally greater at depth and lower at the surface, while iodide concentrations follow the reverse pattern, being anomalously accumulated in the euphotic zone and decreasing with depth. The fact that iodide concentrations follow a depth dependence corresponding to the euphotic zone suggests that biological activity is the source of the reduced iodine. Nonetheless, the nature and source of iodate reduction activity remains controversial. Here, using a combination of field and laboratory studies, we examine some of the questions raised in our and other previous studies, and seek further correlations between changes in iodine speciation and the presence of marine macro-and microalgae. The present results indicate that microalgal growth per se does not seem to be responsible for the reduction of iodate to iodide. However, there is some support for the hypothesis that iodate reduction can occur due to release of cellular reducing agents that accompany cell senescence during phytoplankton bloom declines. In addition, support is given to the concept that macroalgal species such as giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) can take up both iodide and iodate from seawater (albeit on a slower time scale). We propose a mechanism whereby iodate is reduced to iodide at the cell surface by cell surface reductases and is taken up directly as such without reentering the bulk solution.

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“…Involvement of S-adenosyl-methionine-dependent methyl transferase-type mechanism has also been reported in relation to the production of methyl halides (Almeida et al 2001;Toda and Itoh, 2011;Yokouchi et al 2014). The activities of methyl transferases yield monohalogenated compounds including CH3Br, CH3I, di-and polyhalogenated compounds such as CHBr2I (Milkova et al 1997;Neilson, 2003;Amachi et al 2006;Küpper et al 2018). Punitha et al (2017) gives a detailed explanation of the reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The emission of volatile halocarbons by seaweeds and their response towards environmental changes

et al. 2020

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Volatile halocarbons can deplete the protective stratospheric ozone layer contributing to global climate change and may even affect local climate through aerosol production. These compounds are produced through anthropogenic and biogenic processes. Biogenic halocarbons may be produced as defence compounds, anti-oxidants, or by-products of metabolic processes. These compounds include very short-lived halocarbons (VSLH) e.g. bromoform (CHBr3), dibromomethane (CH2Br2), methyl iodide (CH3I), diiodomethane (CH2I2). Efforts to quantify the biogenic sources of these compounds, especially those of marine origin e.g. seaweeds, phytoplankton and seagrass meadows, are often complicated by inherent biological variability as well as spatial and temporal changes in emissions. The contribution of the coastal region and the oceans to the stratospheric load of halocarbons has been widely debated. This highlights the need to understand the factors affecting the release of these compounds from marine sources for which data for modelling purposes are generally lacking. Seaweeds are important sources of biogenic halocarbons subjected to changing environmental conditions. Huge uncertainties in the prediction of current and future global halocarbon pool exist due to the lack of spatial and temporal data input from coastal and oceanic sources. Therefore, investigating the effect of changing environmental conditions on the emission of VSLH by the seaweeds could help towards better estimations of halocarbon emissions. This is especially important in light of global changes in both climate and the environment, the expansion of seaweed cultivation industry, and the interactions between halocarbon emission and their environment. In this paper we review current knowledge of seaweed halocarbon emissions, how environmental factors affect these emissions, and identify gaps in understanding. Our aim is to direct much needed research to improve understanding of the contribution of marine biogenic sources of halocarbons and their impact on the environment.

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Emission of volatile halogenated compounds, speciation and localization of bromine and iodine in the brown algal genome model Ectocarpus siliculosus

Cited by 24 publications

References 54 publications

Iodine and fluorine concentrations in seaweeds of the Arabian Gulf identified by morphology and DNA barcodes

Iodine and fluorine concentrations in seaweeds of the Arabian Gulf identified by morphology and DNA barcodes

The influence of marine algae on iodine speciation in the coastal ocean

The emission of volatile halocarbons by seaweeds and their response towards environmental changes

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