Emission properties of nanolasers during the transition to lasing

Chow, Weng W.; Jahnke, F.; Gies, Christopher

doi:10.1038/lsa.2014.82

Cited by 143 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…The intensity correlation shows the expected change from thermal statistics, g (2) (0) ¼ 2, below threshold to Poissonian statistics, g (2) (0) ¼ 1, above threshold. 10,37 For b ¼ 0.1 and 0.001, jumps are seen in the photon number close to threshold, while b ¼ 1 shows the apparent thresholdless characteristic. 2 Recently, super-thermal statistics, g (2) (0) > 2, was obtained below threshold and associated with the occurrence of collective effects among the emitters, 38 which are neglected in our model.…”

Section: à4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate equation description of quantum noise in nanolasers with few emitters

Mørk

Lippi

2018

Applied Physics Letters

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Rate equations for micro- and nanocavity lasers are formulated which take account of the finite number of emitters, Purcell effects as well as stochastic effects of spontaneous emission quantum noise. Analytical results are derived for the intensity noise and intensity correlation properties, g(2), using a Langevin approach and are compared with simulations using a stochastic approach avoiding the mean-field approximation of the rate equations. Good agreement between the two approaches is found even for large values of the spontaneous emission beta-factor, i.e., for threshold-less lasers, as long as more than about ten emitters contribute to lasing. A large value of the beta-factor improves the noise properties.

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Section: à4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate equation description of quantum noise in nanolasers with few emitters

Mørk

Lippi

2018

Applied Physics Letters

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“…Correlations between electrons in the QD states and photons determine the statistical properties of the emitted radiation. The feasibility of factorization-based methods, where these correlations are taken into consideration, have been demonstrated for the calculation of threshold properties of microlasers [9,22]. Correlations between carriers in different QD emitters are responsible for superradiant coupling effects [23].…”

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confidence: 99%

Photon antibunching from few quantum dots in a cavity

2015

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Single quantum dots (QDs) are frequently used as single-photon sources, taking advantage of the final exciton decay in a cascade that produces energetically detuned photons. We propose and analyze a new concept of single-photon source, namely, a few-QD microcavity system driven close to, but below the lasing threshold under strong excitation. Surprisingly, even for two or three QDs inside a cavity, antibunching is observed. To quantify the results, we find that a classification of single-photon emission in terms of antibunching in the autocorrelation function g (2) (0) is insufficient and more details of the photon statistics are required. Our investigations are based on a quantum-optical theory that we solve to obtain the density operator for the quantum-mechanical active medium and radiation field.Introduction. Single-photon sources are key components in quantum-information technologies. They enable the realization of fundamental quantum-mechanical concepts in current applications [1], such as quantum key distribution, quantum teleportation, and Bell measurements. To generate single photons, in many practical applications sources based on parametric down conversion are used [2][3][4]. Alternatively, a single emitter can be driven with a pump pulse to emit exactly one photon on demand per excitation cycle like a turnstile device [5]. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) possess distinct properties that make them suited for applications as single-photon sources, such as the possibility of electrical pumping [6]. Resonant excitation schemes have been used to get closer to the ideal case of an isolated "atomlike" single-photon emitter [7]. When using a single QD, a preceding photon from the biexciton recombination can be used to herald the single photon from the exciton recombination, which is always second in the cascade. The extremely high single-photon purity (close to the ideal single-photon Fock state) obtained from these sources comes at the cost of low repetition rates that are limited by the free-space radiative lifetime of hundreds of picoseconds [1,8].QD microcavity laser devices have been demonstrated to exhibit nonclassical features in the light emission around threshold [9,10]. In the following, we explore this quantum regime for single-photon operation from a single-to fewemitter QD medium. The presence of a cavity enhances the emission rate via the Purcell effect [11], and operation in the gigahertz regime has been demonstrated for a single QD in a micropillar resonator [12]. The prospect of achieving single-photon emission with several QD emitters coupling to the cavity reduces the requirement on device fabrication to rely on samples with only a single QD.For single-QD microcavity devices, we identify an optimal balance between cavity-loss rate and light-matter coupling strength that maximizes the emission rate and the degree of antibunching seen in g (2) (0). Next, we explore devices with up to three QDs and quantify their performance in terms of achievable repetition rates, purity of single-photon emi...

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“…The cavity mode is set to the value from the experiment and its width is used to determine the cavity loss rate γ l ¼ 0.4 ps −1 . For the lasing dynamics, we take the parameters giving the best agreement with experiment γ d ¼ 0.03 ps −1 , γ r ¼ 0.5 ps −1 , γ ¼ 1 ps −1 , and a laser coupling constant of G ¼ 2.8 ps −1 , which are consistent with established theoretical models [15,18]. The lasing threshold is determined by γ d , such that we typically look at the pump rate in comparison to this with…”

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confidence: 87%

“…In contrast, in our semiclassical model there is a steep set-in of lasing at the threshold and already small variations of the pump intensity close to the threshold modify the lasing response significantly (see Supplemental Material [17]). To include a broader threshold region, one needs to go to a fully quantum mechanical model to account for spontaneous emission [18], which is extremely challenging when also including phonons. Moreover there are lasing parameters like the relaxation rate γ r , which are not easily experimentally accessible and have a significant impact on the response in our nonlinear model.…”

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confidence: 99%