“…One of the key research needs for the further development of the TC technique involves the validation of the 3D measurements (a research need shared also by other tomographic-based 3D diagnostics). Several methods have been developed and applied in these past research efforts for validation purposes, including numerical simulations based on phantoms [7,12,15,17], use of controlled flames with known patterns [11,15,18], and comparison between 3D results obtained experimentally and simulated results obtained via ray tracing [19,20]. Further validation is always desired for the development of new diagnostic tools, and the validation method should ideally be as direct as possible.…”