Emission trading schemes: potential revenue effects, compliance costs and overall tax policy issues

Carbon Pricing: Transaction Costs of Emissions Trading vs. Carbon Taxes

“…Moreover, carbon taxation can be administered through government tax collection institutions that are more established and effective than environmental regulatory institutions (see, e.g., Coria 2009 andPope andOwen 2009). However, there is no study that empirically compares the functional forms of transaction costs between CO 2 taxes and tradable emissions permits.…”

“…Moreover, the implementation costs are considered to be lower for a carbon tax than for a tradable permits system since the former makes use of existing social institutions, like tax-collecting organs and tax systems (Pope andOwen 2009, Kerr andDuscha 2014).…”

Climate Change: A Comparison Of Market-Based Instruments From A South African Perspective

“…Another advantage is that pricing systems such as carbon tax are less susceptible to corruption than quantity type systems, with this being demonstrated frequently at international trade interventions when quotas are compared to tariffs (Noordhaus, 2007). A further significant advantage, according to Pope and Owen (2009), is the suggestion that it would provide a more stable revenue base over time. They propose (within the Australian context) that it may generate around A$11.5 billion per annum, subject to various treasury assumptions (Pope & Owen, 2009).…”

“…A further significant advantage, according to Pope and Owen (2009), is the suggestion that it would provide a more stable revenue base over time. They propose (within the Australian context) that it may generate around A$11.5 billion per annum, subject to various treasury assumptions (Pope & Owen, 2009). …”

Cost-effective policy instruments for greenhouse gas emission reduction and fossil fuel substitution through bioenergy production in Austria

“…However, none of these countries apply a uniform tax on all fossil fuel consumers but exempt some sectors from the tax. Tax rates vary from 10 € tCO 2 -1 to up to 150 € tCO 2 -1 (Pope and Owen, 2009). As marginal abatement costs are not known with certainty, the total amount of GHG emission abatement cannot be determined a-priori when introducing a tax.…”