Emissions from multiple-spouted and spout-fluid fluidized beds using rice husks as fuel

Albina, Dionel O.

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2006.02.013

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Pyrolysis of biomass [42][43][44][45][46][47], waste plastic [48,49], scrap tires [50,51] and sludge [52][53][54][55] have been tested and validated at lab and pilot scale. Also, the combustion of wood charcoal [56], biomass [57][58][59], sludge from the paper industry [60] or eventually toxic wastes [61] has been object of several studies as well as the gasification of coal [62,63], biomass [64][65][66][67], sewage sludge [68], flame retardants textile products [69] and mixtures of biomass with plastics [46] or coal [70].…”

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confidence: 99%

Modelling of Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Key for Their Successful Scale Up

et al. 2017

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The development of robust mathematical models could provide the necessary tools for a more rapid, efficient, and reliable spouted bed technology development. Computer simulations can be very useful to aid this design and scale-up process: firstly, they can contribute to obtain a fundamental insight into their complex dynamic behavior by understanding the elementary physical principles such as drag, friction, dissipation etc.; secondly, the simulations can be used as a design tool where the ultimate goal is to have a numerical model with predictive capabilities for gas-particle flows at engineering scale. Clearly, one single simulation method will not be able to achieve this goal, but a hierarchy of methods modelling phenomena on different length and time scales can achieve this. The most fruitful approach will be when they are simultaneously followed, so that they can mutually benefit from each other. In this sense, this paper presents a review of the current state of the art of modelling on spouted and spout-fluid beds through an analysis of recent literature following a multiscale approach (molecular and particle, lab, plant and industrial scale). The main features of the different scales together with their current limits are discussed and specific topics are highlighted as paths that still need to be explored. In summary, the paper aims to define the theoretical setline and the basis of improvement that would lead to a robust multiscale model with solid links between micro and macroscopic phenomena. If done with the correct balance between accuracy and computational costs it will gear SB towards their reliable and successful implementation.

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confidence: 99%

Modelling of Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Key for Their Successful Scale Up

et al. 2017

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“…• emission of CO seemed to be lower with under-bed feeding of the rice husk fuel compared to over-bed feeding • CO2 emissions independent of method of feeding • changes in excess air levels influenced the emissions of CO and CO2 within the excess air range investigated • emission of CO was less at 10% excess air with over-bed feeding; emission of CO in the case of under-bed feeding was lowest at 20% excess air level • emission of CO was less in the spout-fluid bed than CO in the multiple-spouted bed. [96] Combustion and emission characteristics of a swirling fluidized-bed combustor (SFBC) burning moisturized rice husk…”

Section: Study Type Major Parameters Main Findings Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Technologies for Small-Scale Biochar Production—A Review

Nsamba¹,

Hale²,

Cornelissen³

et al. 2015

JSBS

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Charcoal has found enormous application in both agriculture (AKA biochar) and other sectors. Despite its potential benefits, small scale technologies relevant for its production remain a challenge. Technologies striking a balance between user friendliness, energy efficiency, ease of adaptation and limited emissions could easily be integrated into the local community for the sustainable production of biochar answering both technical and socioeconomic aspects. These technologies can be customized to recover the produced heat alongside biochar and the producer gas. The purpose of this work is to review the state of the art in small scale technologies, their associated risks and challenges as well as research gaps for future work. Factors affecting biochar production have been discussed and temperature is known to heavily influence the biomass to biochar conversion process. Based on the reviewed work, there is a need to develop and promote sustainable and efficient technologies that can be integrated into biochar production systems. There is also further need to develop portable, economically viable technologies that could be integrated into the biochar production process without compromising the quality of produced biochar. Such technologies at midscale level can be channeled into conventional small scale farmer use in order that the farmers can process their own biochar.

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“…There are health issues associated with the use of crystalline ash, inhalation of which can lead to a number of diseases, the most common being silicosis. This affects the potential markets for this type of ash [10,12].…”

Section: Rice Husk Ash Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coutinho [43] determined the rapid chloride permeability of concrete with partial replacement of RHA in various percentages (10,15, and 20 %) and when using controlled permeability formwork (CPF). Controlled permeability formwork (or CPF) is one of the few techniques developed recently for directly improving the concrete surface zone.…”

Section: Effect Of Chloride Ions On Mortars and Concretes Containing mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Husk Ash

Ramezanianpour

2013

Springer Geochemistry/Mineralogy

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IntroductionRice-husk (RH) is an agricultural by-product material. It constitutes about 20 % of the weight of rice. It contains about 50 % cellulose, 25-30 % lignin, and 15-20 % of silica. When rice-husk is burnt rice-husk ash (RHA) is generated. On burning, cellulose and lignin are removed leaving behind silica ash. The controlled temperature and environment of burning yields better quality of rice-husk ash as its particle size and specific surface area are dependent on burning condition. For every 1000 kg of paddy milled, about 200 kg (20 %) of husk is produced, and when this husk is burnt in the boilers, about 50 kg (25 %) of RHA is generated. Completely burnt rice-husk is grey to white in color, while partially burnt ricehusk ash is blackish [1][2][3].Rice-husk ash (RHA) is a very fine pozzolanic material. The utilization of rice husk ash as a pozzolanic material in cement and concrete provides several advantages, such as improved strength and durability properties, reduced materials costs due to cement savings, and environmental benefits related to the disposal of waste materials and to reduced carbon dioxide emissions. Reactivity of RHA is attributed to its high content of amorphous silica, and to its very large surface area governed by the porous structure of the particles [1,2]. Generally, reactivity is favored also by increasing fineness of the pozzolanic material. However, Mehta [1] has argued that grinding of RHA to a high degree of fineness should be avoided, since it derives its pozzolanic activity mainly from the internal surface area of the particles. ProductionRice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or Oryzaglaberrima. As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in East and South Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and the West Indies. It is the grain with the second-highest worldwide production, after corn.

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Emissions from multiple-spouted and spout-fluid fluidized beds using rice husks as fuel

Cited by 33 publications

References 7 publications

Modelling of Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Key for Their Successful Scale Up

Modelling of Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Key for Their Successful Scale Up

Sustainable Technologies for Small-Scale Biochar Production—A Review

Rice Husk Ash

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