Emissions of CO2, N2O, and NO in conventional and no-till management practices in Rondônia, Brazil

Passianoto, Caio C.; Ahrens, T. D.; Feigl, Brigitte Josefine; Steudler, Paul A.; Carmo, Janaína Braga do; Melillo, Jerry M.

doi:10.1007/s00374-003-0653-y

Cited by 71 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…, which was slightly higher than the results of Funakawa et al (2006) and Passianoto et al (2003). Root respiration of maize may be high and root exudates of maize may activate microorganism activity.…”

Section: Soil Organic Carbon Change and Co 2 Flux In A Monsoon Tropiccontrasting

confidence: 55%

Carbon balance in maize fields under cattle manure application and no-tillage cultivation in Northeast Thailand

Matsumoto

Paisancharoen

Hakamata

2008

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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This study was carried out to analyze the effects of cattle manure application and no-tillage cultivation on changes in soil carbon stock and carbon balance in maize (Zea mays L.) fields in infertile tropical sandy soil in Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand. The experimental field was treated for 3 years from August 1999 to June 2002 with conventional cultivation, cattle manure application and no-tillage cultivation. Cattle manure was applied at a rate of 20 Mg ha -2 (fresh weight) 5 days before sowing maize. Weeds in the notillage cultivation field were sprayed with herbicide and dead weeds were left in the field. Soil was sampled at 0-50 cm depth before plowing in the first-third years and 1 year after the third year of the experiment. The CO 2 flux from the soil surface was measured using the alkaline absorption method every 1-4 weeks throughout the period. The biomass of maize and weeds was stable under conventional cultivation, increased with cattle manure application, and decreased with no-tillage cultivation. Soil carbon stock in the 0-30 cm soil depth increased from 16.0, 11.0 and 13.3 Mg C ha -1 at the start of the experiment to 17.1, 18.2 and 15.9 Mg C ha -1 3 years later in the conventional cultivation, cattle manure application and notillage cultivation treatments, respectively. The CO 2 flux from the soil surface of the maize field was 10.1-11.5 Mg C ha -1 year -1 under conventional cultivation and 8.5-9.4 Mg C ha -1 year -1 under no-tillage cultivation over the 3 years of the experiment. With cattle manure application, the CO 2 flux was 10.5 Mg C ha -1 year -1 in the first year, which was not different from the other treatments; this increased to 13.3-15.3 Mg C ha -1 year -1 in the second and third years. Analysis of the carbon balance showed that the applied cattle manure increased the soil carbon stock and plant biomass, which consequently further increased carbon input to the soil. In the no-tillage cultivation treatment, carbon loss by CO 2 flux from the soil was low, although carbon input to the soil by returning maize residues and weeds was also low; hence, only a small amount of carbon input accumulated in the soil.

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Section: Soil Organic Carbon Change and Co 2 Flux In A Monsoon Tropiccontrasting

confidence: 55%

Carbon balance in maize fields under cattle manure application and no-tillage cultivation in Northeast Thailand

Matsumoto

Paisancharoen

Hakamata

2008

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…8c). Soil emission is the most important contribution to N 2 O flux (6.6 Tg N yr −1 ) (IPCC, 2007) and occurs by activity of nitrifying/denitrifying microbial communities in soil (Chapuis-Lardy, et al, 2007;Davidson et al, 2004;GarciaMontiel et al, 2003;Passianoto et al, 2003). In some regions of Amazon basin, an additional contribution could be agricultural processes (2.8 Tg N yr −1 globally) (IPCC, 2007), mainly in Pará, where significant forest conversion has occurred over the past 10 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In tropical land, the main sources are likely to be natural soils with 3.3 Tg N yr −1 to 9.0 Tg N yr −1 (IPCC, 2007) (16.4 Tg N yr −1 for Chapuis-Lardy, et al, 2007), followed by agricultural soils with 1.7 Tg N yr −1 to 4.8 Tg N yr −1 (IPCC, 2007) (4.2 Tg N yr −1 for Chapuis-Lardy, et al, 2007), which are in agreement with other studies that suggest rain forests emit a large amount of N 2 O (Keller et al, 1993, Melillo et al, 2001. Many studies in tropical forests, like the Amazon forest (Borchert, 1998;Jipp et al, 1998), agree that the average N 2 O flux in these forests is much greater in the wet than dry season (Van Haren et al, 2005;Verchot et al, 1999;Perez et al, 2000;Garcia-Montiel et al, 2003;Wick, et al, 2005;Kiese et al, 2003). The soil source strength for N 2 O is determined by the availability of substrates and the activity of nitrifying/denitrifying microbial communities, and on soil diffusivity, which is controlled mainly by soil water (Neftel et al, 2000;Smith et al, 2003), and on concurrent N 2 O consumption process (Cavigelli and Robertson, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Regional N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes in Amazonia derived from aircraft vertical profiles

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is the third most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas. Globally, the main sources of N 2 O are nitrification and denitrification in soils. About two thirds of the soil emissions occur in the tropics and approximately 20% originate in wet rainforest ecosystems, like the Amazon forest. The work presented here involves aircraft vertical profiles of N 2 O from the surface to 4 km over two sites in the Eastern and Central Amazon: Tapajós National Forest (SAN) and Cuieiras Biologic Reserve (MAN), and the estimation of N 2 O fluxes for regions upwind of these sites. To our knowledge, these regional scale N 2 O measurements in Amazonia are unique and represent a new approach to looking regional scale emissions. The fluxes upwind of MAN exhibited little seasonality, and the annual mean was 2.1±1.0 mg N 2 O m −2 day −1 , higher than that for fluxes upwind of SAN, which averaged 1.5±1.6 mg N 2 O m −2 day −1 . The higher rainfall around the MAN site could explain the higher N 2 O emissions, as a result of increased soil moisture accelerating microbial nitrification and denitrification processes. For fluxes from the coast to SAN seasonality is present for all years, with high fluxes in the months of March through May, and in November through December.

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“…A quantidade de N 2 O produzido em sistemas agrícolas é determinada pela disponibilidade de NO 3 - (Bouwman, 1996;Brown et al, 2000;Maggiotto et al, 2000), temperatura (Castaldi, 2000), pH (Daum & Schenk, 1998;Mogge et al, 1999), umidade (Zheng et al, 2000;Dobbie & Smith, 2003), além do material orgânico prontamente decomponível e das condições limitantes de difusão de O 2 (Mosier et al, 1991 Nesse contexto, o crescimento do setor agropecuário com a conversão da vegetação nativa em diferentes formas de uso da terra, é necessário conhecer as fontes emissoras dos GEE a fim de colaborar com um diagnóstico mais exato para as tomadas de decisões mitigadoras do aquecimento global. Contudo, a maioria dos estudos envolvendo o fluxo desses gases do solo para a atmosfera estão concentrados na região Sul do Brasil, comparando sistemas de cultivos (La Scala Junior et al, 2001;Costa et al, 2008a;Jantaia et al, 2008;Barreto et al, 2009;Gomes et al, 2009;Siqueira Neto et al, 2009;Escobar et al, 2010) e o fluxo de CH 4 em cultivos de arroz irrigado por inundação (Agostinetto et al, 2002;Costa et al, 2008b), assim como na Amazônia, comparando a transição floresta-pastagem (Steudler et al, 1996;Mellilo et al, 2001;Garcia-Montiel et al, 2002;Fernandes et al, 2002;Passianoto et al, 2003;Carmo et al, 2005;Neill et al, 2005;Wick et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Emissão de gases do efeito estufa em diferentes usos da terra no bioma Cerrado

Neto

Píccolo

Costa

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Emissions of CO2, N2O, and NO in conventional and no-till management practices in Rondônia, Brazil

Cited by 71 publications

References 41 publications

Carbon balance in maize fields under cattle manure application and no-tillage cultivation in Northeast Thailand

Carbon balance in maize fields under cattle manure application and no-tillage cultivation in Northeast Thailand

Regional N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes in Amazonia derived from aircraft vertical profiles

Emissão de gases do efeito estufa em diferentes usos da terra no bioma Cerrado

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Emissions of CO2, N2O, and NO in conventional and no-till management practices in Rondônia, Brazil

Cited by 71 publications

References 41 publications

Carbon balance in maize fields under cattle manure application and no-tillage cultivation in Northeast Thailand

Carbon balance in maize fields under cattle manure application and no-tillage cultivation in Northeast Thailand

Regional N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O fluxes in Amazonia derived from aircraft vertical profiles

Emissão de gases do efeito estufa em diferentes usos da terra no bioma Cerrado

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Regional N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes in Amazonia derived from aircraft vertical profiles