Emissions of N2O and NH3 from cattle excreta in grass pastures fertilized with N or mixed with a forage legume

Guimarães, Bianca Costa; Gomes, Fernanda de Kássia; Homem, Bruno Grossi Costa; Lima, Italo Braz G. de; Spasiani, Paola Palauro; Boddey, Robert M.; Alves, B. J. R.; Casagrande, Daniel Rume

doi:10.1007/s10705-022-10207-3

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…On average, one head emitted 0.31 g N-N2O/day, which was within the range of 0.0 to 1.1 g N-N2O/day observed before [30]. Additionally, this represents approximately 0.043% of the N excreted by the animals being emitted as N2O, a similar proportion to that observed in grazing experiments in the same climate area [9,14,30]. After the applications Climatic variables play the most important role in the magnitude of the N 2 O, CH 4 fluxes, and NH 3 volatilized [30,47,48].…”

Section: Greenhouse Gas Emissionssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Nitrification is a microbial process that oxidizes ammonia (NH 3 ) to nitrate, while denitrification is an anaerobic process that reduces nitrate to gaseous dinitrogen (N 2 ) [9,10]. Butterbach-Bahl et al [11] stated that N 2 O produced from the nitrification process can be used in denitrification or diffused in the next soil layer before being released into the atmosphere, which may decrease the N 2 O emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation

et al. 2023

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Animal supplementation during the background phase may increase greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). The inclusion of tannins in the diet of Nellore bulls can mitigate nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and ammonia (NH3) production. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of energy supplementation associated with sources of tannins in the diet of young Nellore bulls backgrounded in pastures with N2O, CH4, and NH3 emissions. Two experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. The treatments were three supplementation strategies: (1) soybean hulls 0.3% of body weight (BW), (2) sorghum grain 0.3% of the BW, and (3) peanut peel 0.3% of BW, the last two being sources of tannin. The static closed chambers method was used to quantify N2O and CH4 emissions and the semi-open chamber technique to estimate NH3 volatilization. Supplementation strategies did not affect the N2O emissions (p = 0.9116). The soil water-filled pore space explained the variation in the N2O fluxes (p = 0.0071). The treatments did not change the total CH4 emissions (p = 0.3599), and no explanatory variable was correlated with the CH4 fluxes. The NH3 volatilization did not vary according to the supplements or tannin inclusion (p = 0.5170). However, the type of excreta affected the NH3 volatilization (p < 0.0001). Ammonia volatilization averaged 14.05, 4.16, and 2.25% of the applied N for urine, urine + dung, and dung, respectively. The energetic supplementation of Nellore bulls containing sources of tannins in the evaluated dosages was not a mitigation strategy for the emissions of N2O, CH4, and NH3.

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Section: Greenhouse Gas Emissionssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation

et al. 2023

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“…In this regard, the potentially digestible fibre of legumes presents a lower rate of degradation in the rumen, favouring synergism with the carbohydrate source in the diet (Detmann et al 2009). Therefore, in the Mixed treatment, greater microbial protein synthesis and lower N excretion via urine will be observed, along with an increase in the recalcitrant N content in animal faeces (Guimarães et al 2022). This explains why the increase in N provided by legumes in the diet did not increase N excretion per animal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing grassland productivity and sustainability: effects of a legume or N fertiliser application on N cycling

Borré,

Ramalho,

Monteiro

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The absence of grazing management, coupled with limited N replacement, significantly promotes grassland degradation. Nitrogen input via fertiliser or biological fixation is critical for achieving productive and sustainable grassland systems. This two-year study assessed the N cycling of three pasture types (PTs): 1) mixed Marandu palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha) and perennial horse gram (Macrotyloma axillare) without N fertiliser (Mixed); 2) monoculture Marandu palisadegrass fertilised with 138 kg N ha− 1 yr− 1 (N-fertilised); and 3) monoculture Marandu palisadegrass without N fertiliser (Unfertilised). Litter responses, forage and N intake, N livestock excretion and N cycling were measured. There were no differences between PTs for the existing litter (an average of 3,485 kg ha− 1; P = 0.204). More N was cycled via litter in the Mixed pasture than N-fertilised and Unfertilised pastures (95.7 vs. 63.6 and 51.8 kg N ha− 1 season− 1; P < 0.001). There was no difference between PTs for the total N excretion per animal (an average of 79.5 g animal d− 1; P = 0.727). However, per hectare, total N excretion in the N-fertilised pasture increased 20.4 and 22.5% than Mixed and Unfertilised pastures, respectively (P = 0.010). In the N-fertilised and Mixed pastures, there was a positive overall change of N in the soil-plant-animal system of 83.5 and 28 kg N ha− 1 year− 1, respectively. In the Unfertilised pasture, there was an overall negative change of N in the soil-plant-animal system of -27 kg N ha− 1 year− 1. Nitrogen application or perennial horse gram integration in a grass pasture increased the conservation of soil N reserves.

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“…Pastures are a source of protein for cattle, which excrete 70-95% of the nitrogen consumed in dung and urine [9]. Nitrogen lost from animal excreta increases NH 3 volatilization and N 2 O fluxes to the atmosphere and can also be leached as nitrate [10][11][12][13]. Lessa et al [10] measured, in a comparable environment to our study, that less than 1% of N had been lost as N 2 O from cattle excreta and around 15% as NH 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Ammonia Volatilization from Pasture after Cattle Dung and Urine Applications in the Dry and Rainy Seasons of the Brazilian Cerrado

Ramos,

da Costa,

Madari

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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An important source of greenhouse gases in Brazil is the nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from pasture, and microorganisms play an important role in nitrogen transformations in the soil. This study aimed to evaluate N2O emission and NH3 volatilization from bovine excreta in pasture in an integrated crop–livestock system (ICL) in the Brazilian Cerrado. Three treatments (urine, dung and control) were performed in two pastures (Area 1—three-year pasture of Urochloa ruziziensis and Area 2—one-year pasture of Urochloa brizantha cv. Piatã), with two application times of the excreta (dry and rainy season), during two successive years of application. Compared to the control, the excreta deposition on ICL increased soil N2O and NH3 fluxes. In the dry season, N2O fluxes were associated with higher ammonium (NH4+) availability. In the rainy season, these fluxes were related to NO3− availability and water-filled pore space (WFPS). In both areas, NH3 volatilization was higher after urine than dung application, especially in the dry season. The highest N2O emission factors were obtained for urine (0.32%), the rainy season (0.36%), and older pasture (Area 1: 0.24%). All these values were below the mean IPCC default values (0.77%). These results indicate that N2O emissions in pasture should be evaluated in regional conditions.

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Emissions of N2O and NH3 from cattle excreta in grass pastures fertilized with N or mixed with a forage legume

Cited by 10 publications

References 62 publications

Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation

Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation

Optimizing grassland productivity and sustainability: effects of a legume or N fertiliser application on N cycling

Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Ammonia Volatilization from Pasture after Cattle Dung and Urine Applications in the Dry and Rainy Seasons of the Brazilian Cerrado

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