Emissions of unregulated pollutants from European gasoline and diesel passenger cars

Abstract

Abstract:Within the framework of the European Artemis project, the emissions of unregulated compounds were measured on new technology passenger cars. A sample of passenger cars was tested on a chassis dynamometer with constant volume sampling (CVS). The measurement of unregulated compounds comprised about 100 different VOC in the C 2 -C 6 and C 7 -C 15 range and carbonyl compounds. The sampling of these compounds was made using sorbent tubes followed by analysis with chromatography technology in liquid and gas phases.The influence of cold and warm starting conditions on the VOC composition was determined.The emission factors were determined and compared for either gasoline or diesel vehicles.The influence of the technology was evaluated and a first approach to understand the effect of recent technology on the ozone formation was developed.

Como Diferentes Teores De Biodiesel No Diesel Afetam as Emissões De Aldeídos Emmotores E Veículos

“…Caplain et al [4] mediram gases de escape diluído de veículos diesel usando cartuchos com DNPH, e verificaram que o formaldeído era o principal tipo de aldeído presente. Shiotani et al [5] mediram aldeídos (formaldeído, acetaldeído, acroleína e benzaldeído) de motores "off-road" em banco de provas.…”

Chemical Characterization of Exhaust Gases from Compression Ignition Engine Fuelled with Various Biofuels

“…Caplain et al [1] provided the analysis that diesel engine exhaust gases consist mostly of aromatic hydrocarbons (75-93%), straight or branched chain alkanes (6-18%), and carbonyl compounds (0.1-2%). Siegl et al [25] found that methane was 33% of total hydrocarbon emissions from an engine fuelled with diesel fuel.…”

“…Transportation is a major source of atmospheric pollutants [1]. Some substances emitted from vehicle exhausts constitute environmental and health hazards.…”

Measurement of Volatile Organic Compounds in Vehicle Exhaust Using Single-Photon Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

“…Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) or with a flame ionization detector (GC/FID) is commonly used for measuring VOCs in vehicle exhaust. [4][5][6][7] Real-time measurements, however, cannot be performed using these techniques. A time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) can measure numerous VOCs simultaneously.…”