Emotion and motivation II: Sex differences in picture processing.

Bradley, Margaret M.; Codispoti, Maurizio; Sabatinelli, Dean; Lang, Peter

doi:10.1037/1528-3542.1.3.300

Cited by 854 publications

(685 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This particular sensitivity of women to negative affects was previously found with SCR and other psychophysiological indices as well as with subjective ratings of emotions (Bradley, Codispoti, Sabatinelli, & Lang, 2001;Kring & Gordon, 1998). Interestingly, this gender influence was not dependent of HA scores, suggesting that BIS would not be involved in this particular sensitivity, as could have been expected regarding women's classically higher scores in HA and BIS-related scales (Hansenne et al, 2005;Jorm et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Personality traits modulate skin conductance response to emotional pictures: An investigation with Cloninger’s model of personality

Mardaga

Laloyaux

Hansenne

2006

Personality and Individual Differences

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Several studies found strong relationships between main personality dimensions and emotions, and more particularly between neuroticism and negative emotions, as well as between extraversion and positive ones. In these studies, personality was mainly assessed with respect to the big five model, and emotions were evaluated with subjective rating scales. To extend the exploration of the associations between personality and emotion, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between Cloninger's dimensions of personality and emotional reactivity assessed by skin conductance response (SCR). In 55 normal subjects, SCR was recorded while they were presented pictures selected as positive, negative and neutral from the International Affective Picture System. The results showed no influence of personality on response magnitude, but subjects with higher harm avoidance scores showed longer half-recovery times for negative relative to neutral pictures. This result is consistent with the dispositional bias of harm avoidance to respond intensely to signals of aversive stimuli.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Personality traits modulate skin conductance response to emotional pictures: An investigation with Cloninger’s model of personality

Mardaga

Laloyaux

Hansenne

2006

Personality and Individual Differences

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“…No gender differences were found for SCR, but subjective ratings differed in Study II. Younger and older women rated the pictures as more negatively arousing than men This finding is in line with previous studies (Bradley et al, 2001;Denburg, Buchanan, Tranel, & Adolphs, 2003;Kunzman & Grühn, 2005).…”

Section: Results and Concluding Remarkssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Bradley et al (2001) found no gender differences in SCR magnitude between younger adults, although they did find a tendency of increased magnitude towards erotic pictures in men. In the same study, women rated unpleasant pictures as being more arousing than did men.…”

Section: Electrodermal Activity: Skin Conductance Responsementioning

confidence: 73%

Age Differences in Arousal, Perception of Affective Pictures, and Emotional Memory Enhancement: Appraisal, Electrodermal Activity, and Imaging Data

Gavazzeni¹

2008

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…Such variance can be attributed to gender (Bradley et al 2001), personality traits, and psychobiological differences (Zuckerman 1979(Zuckerman , 1996, as well as to adaptation (Fenz and Epstein 1967). It has been hypothesized for some time, then, that an apparently aversive experience may not actually trigger strong negative feelings.…”

Section: Intensity-based Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Consumption of Negative Feelings

Andrade¹,

Cohen²

2007

J Consum Res

257

212

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How can the hedonistic assumption (i.e., people's willingness to pursue pleasure and avoid pain) be reconciled with people choosing to expose themselves to experiences known to elicit negative feelings? We assess how (1) the intensity of the negative feelings, (2) positive feelings in the aftermath, and (3) the coactivation of positive and negative feelings contribute to our understanding of such behavior. In a series of four studies, consumers with either approach or avoidance tendencies (toward horror movies) were asked to report their positive and/or negative feelings either after (experiment 1) or while (experiments 2, 3A, and 3B) they were exposed to a horror movie. We demonstrate how a model incorporating coactivation principles and enriched with a protective frame moderator (via detachment) can provide a more parsimonious and viable description of the affective reactions that result from counterhedonic behavior.R eaders who are unfamiliar with the vastly popular (in some circles!) horror movie genre might have missed the following scene. Two men wake up in a filthy bathroom chained to massive steel pipes at opposite ends of the room. The blood between them is from a man's corpse still holding the gun he used to kill himself. The two men discover two hacksaws. The tools are too dull to cut the massive chains that keep the men imprisoned but seem sharp enough to hack off their limbs and set them free. Jigsaw, the wildly popular killer, graphically tantalizes his prey. One victim must crawl through razor wire to escape. Another must find a key to overturn a bear trap attached to his mouth. Suggestively titled Saw, the movie generated $18 million in box office receipts in its opening weekend in October 2004, hitting third place in U.S. box office ratings (behind only Ray and The Grudge, another horror movie). Saw II was released 1 year later. Gainesville, FL, 32611-7155 (joel.cohen@cba.ufl.edu). Address correspondence to Eduardo B. Andrade. This project was sponsored by the Junior Faculty Research Grant and the Experimental Social Science Laboratory (Xlab) at the University of California, Berkeley. The article benefited from helpful comments and insights from the editor, the associate editor, and three reviewers, and also from participants in seminars at Stanford University, New York University, Columbia University, the University of Chicago, and the Emotion and Decision Making Reunion at the University of California, Berkeley. The authors thank James Chong, Cindy Wang, Simon Mak, Lawrence Sweet, Debbie Atlas, and Brenda Naputi for their assistance with data collection. John Deighton served as editor and Baba Shiv served as associate editor for this article.Electronically published June 26, 2007 These and a number of other box office hits attract audiences by immersing them in nearly 2 hours of fear, disgust, terror, and depravity. For that reason, horror movies provide an excellent window into counterintuitive consumer preferences for emotional experiences that produce negative emotional responses. Theor...

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Emotion and motivation II: Sex differences in picture processing.

Cited by 854 publications

References 29 publications

Personality traits modulate skin conductance response to emotional pictures: An investigation with Cloninger’s model of personality

Personality traits modulate skin conductance response to emotional pictures: An investigation with Cloninger’s model of personality

Age Differences in Arousal, Perception of Affective Pictures, and Emotional Memory Enhancement: Appraisal, Electrodermal Activity, and Imaging Data

On the Consumption of Negative Feelings

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