Emotion regulation strategies and perceived stress during pregnancy in expectant mothers and fathers

Penner, Francesca; Bunderson, Madison; Bartz, Cody; Brooker, Rebecca J.; Rutherford, Helena J. V.

doi:10.1080/02646838.2022.2110224

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This research nding suggests that cognitive reappraisal is a protective factor in pregnant women, which coincides with the appraisal theory of emotion [10]. In addition, previous studies also have shown that increasing the use of cognitive reappraisal strategies can help pregnant women and their spouses alleviate stress [75]. In the second stage of the mediating effect path, with higher levels of cognitive reappraisal, the association between rumination and prenatal depression became weaker, consistent with cognitive load theory [40].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

The mediating and moderating role of rumination and cognitive reappraisal between perceived stress and prenatal depression: a multicenter cross-sectional study in southeast China

Wang,

Fang,

Yang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Prenatal depression is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders among maternal. Perceived stress plays an important role in the onset of prenatal depression, however, the underlying mechanisms between them are not well understood. We aimed to explore the mechanisms from rumination(risk factors) and cognitive reappraisal(protective factors) perspectives, which may be used to design interventions to improve prenatal depression. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional survey of 1055 maternal were enrolled using a convenience sampling method from June 2020 to January 2021 and was conducted in five hospitals in Guangzhou, southeastern China. A moderated mediation model was performed to examine the role of rumination(Ruminative Responses Scale, RRS), and cognitive reappraisal(Emotional Regulation Questionnaire, ERQ) in the relationship between perceived stress(Perceived Stress Scale 10, PSS-10) and prenatal depression(Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, EPDS). Results The prevalence of prenatal depression was 37.53%. There was a significant correlation among perceived stress, rumination, cognitive reappraisal, and prenatal depression(all P < 0.001). Rumination played a partial mediating role in the relationship between perceived stress and prenatal depression, accounting for 58.92% of the total effect. Moreover, the indirect effect of rumination in this link was moderated by cognitive reappraisal. This mediation effect was stronger for pregnant women with lower levels of cognitive reappraisal(P < 0.001). Conclusions The study provides powerful evidences through a large maternal sample for the mediating role of rumination and the moderating role of cognitive reappraisal between perceived stress and prenatal depression. Ongoing clinical care and targeted interventions may need to carry out from the perspective of rumination according to the different cognitive levels of maternal.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

The mediating and moderating role of rumination and cognitive reappraisal between perceived stress and prenatal depression: a multicenter cross-sectional study in southeast China

Wang,

Fang,

Yang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…For pregnant women, emotional regulation (ER) during pregnancy is known to elevate the cortisol and implicate higher levels of depression, anxiety, and self-injurious thoughts. The hormonal change during the pregnancy represents critical emotion dysregulation, which leads to excessive anxiety [32]. Nevertheless, existing literature may lack a plausible explanation of the bidirectional relationship between maternal ER and elevated anxiety.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with pregnancy-related anxiety: a health facility-based study

Wahyuni,

Pramono,

Hadisaputro

et al. 2024

IJPHS

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Pregnancy is a critical phase for human beings, which can lead to various mental health issues, including anxiety. It is important to recognize that pregnancy-related anxiety can increase over time and should be addressed. This study aimed to explore the multifactor of pregnancy-related anxiety during the first trimester. A cross-sectional health facility-based study was conducted in four Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia public health centers. A total of 129 pregnant women were involved and identified some exposures, such as socio-demographics, nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP), emotion regulation, social support, and anxiety levels. The average age of participants was 27.3 years. Their anxiety level was moderate to severe (37.2%), and 62.8% were identified as having mild anxiety. This study suggests that pregnant women who lack social support (AOR=4.105; 1.824-9.237) and emotion dysregulation (AOR=2.749; 1.244-6.075) were identified as the risk factors of maternal anxiety during the first trimester. Being employed (AOR=0.410; 0.182-0.922) protects the high anxiety during pregnancy. This study suggests that the lack of social support, including social interaction most influences pregnant women’s mental well-being. Therefore, it may be helpful to establish an intervention plan that strengthens social support to improve maternal mental well-being.

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“…The stress could be related to work-family conflict, role changes, identity, marital satisfaction and well-being. For example, a recent study by Penner et al (2002) [60] found that fathers, more often than mothers, used suppression as a strategy to handle stress (inhibit emotional responses) rather than reappraisal (changing thoughts about the situation in order to change the emotional response). Individuals with secure and more positive internal working models of themself and others may adapt more easily in the transition to parenthood and have more adaptive strategies for coping with stress [61], for example, through reappraisal [62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Becoming Dad: Expectant Fathers’ Attachment Style and Prenatal Representations of the Unborn Child

Svendsrud,

Fredriksen,

Moe

et al. 2023

Children

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How expectant fathers think and feel about the unborn child (prenatal representations), has shown associations with fathers’ postnatal parenting behaviors, observed father–infant interactional quality and child cognitive development. There is limited knowledge about fathers’ prenatal representations. The present study examined if fathers’ partner-related attachment styles were related to their prenatal representations of the unborn child. In the “Little in Norway Study”, an ongoing prospective, longitudinal population-based study, 396 expectant fathers completed the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale at enrollment (mean gestational week = 23.76, SD = 4.93), and in gestational weeks 27–35 completed three questions assessing prenatal representations. Correlations of attachment style and prenatal representations were reported using logistic regression analyses. We found that an avoidant attachment style by fathers were predicted to have absent or negative representations on all three items (1) “strongest feeling about the unborn child” (Cl = 1.19–2.73), (2) “thoughts about child personality” (Cl = 1.16–1.87), and (3) “experiences of relationship with the child” (Cl = 1.14–1.75). Father anxious attachment style was not significantly associated with absent or negative prenatal representations. Results suggest that expectant fathers with a partner who related avoidant attachment style have an increased risk of having absent or negative prenatal representations of the unborn child.

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Emotion regulation strategies and perceived stress during pregnancy in expectant mothers and fathers

Cited by 6 publications

References 57 publications

The mediating and moderating role of rumination and cognitive reappraisal between perceived stress and prenatal depression: a multicenter cross-sectional study in southeast China

The mediating and moderating role of rumination and cognitive reappraisal between perceived stress and prenatal depression: a multicenter cross-sectional study in southeast China

Factors associated with pregnancy-related anxiety: a health facility-based study

Becoming Dad: Expectant Fathers’ Attachment Style and Prenatal Representations of the Unborn Child

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