Emotional enhancement of perceptual priming is preserved in aging and early-stage Alzheimer's disease

LaBar, Kevin S.; Torpey, Dana C.; Cook, Craig A.; Johnson, Stéphanie; Warren, Lauren H.; Burke, James R.; Welsh‐Bohmer, Kathleen A.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.01.018

Cited by 37 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…We found a priming bias for negative emotional versus neutral and positive picture cues across beverage group conditions. This parallels the results of LaBar et al (2005) but contrasts those of Dillon et al (2007). There are important similarities and differences between the present study and these prior studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The use of an emotionally relevant categorization strategy was suggested (Dillon et al, 2007) to explain why a priming bias for negative cues was noted in LaBar et al (2005) but not in Dillon et al (2007). The present study used a picture/nonpicture categorization task, which would seem to parallel Dillon et al (2007) in that the categories were not emotionally based, making it diffi cult to understand why our results parallel those in LaBar et al (2005). However, another notable difference between the present study and both of the prior studies is the way in which picture cues were presented during the learning phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…All three studies used emotionally valenced and emotionally neutral picture cues selected from the IAPS and tested priming using a categorization task; however, a major distinction between studies is the type of categorization task used for testing. In LaBar et al (2005), participants were asked to categorize pictures based on valence (i.e., negative vs. neutral) during the test phase. In Dillon et al (2007), subjects were asked to categorize pictures based on location (i.e., indoor vs. outdoor).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Implicit compared with explicit memory processes appear to be relatively infl exible and more infl uential determinants of behavior (Bargh and Chartrand, 1999;Watkins et al, 1996), which may be particularly important for understanding the development and maintenance of problematic alcohol use behaviors (Wiers et al, 2007). Using a repetition priming task (the facilitation of performance because of prior exposure) to tap implicit memory processing, an emotional bias for negative emotional versus neutral picture cues was observed, but only when subjects were asked to categorize pictures based on valence (negative or neutral) during the test phase (LaBar et al, 2005), not when categorization was independent of valence (Dillon et al, 2007) or when a stimulus detection task was used (Marchewka and Nowicka, 2007). Dillon and colleagues (2007) argued that the valence categorization test procedure used in LaBar's study (2005) may have enhanced detection of an emotional bias in implicit processing by channeling participants' attention toward the emotional salience of cues, but other differences in the design of these studies may also explain this discrepancy.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Memory for Emotional Picture Cues During Acute Alcohol Intoxication

Ray

Mun

Buckman

et al. 2012

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Memory affects behavior by allowing events to be anticipated and goals to be planned based on previous experiences. Emotional memory, in particular, is thought to play a central role in behavior in general and in drinking behavior in particular. Alcohol intoxication has been shown to disrupt intentional, conscious memory, but not unintentional, implicit memory for neutral stimuli; however, its effects on emotional memory are not well understood. This study examined whether alcohol intoxication affected memory for emotionally valenced stimuli by testing explicit recall and implicit repetition priming of emotional picture cues. Method: Participants were 36 young adults (21-24 years old, 16 women) who received an alcohol, placebo, or noalcohol beverage. Both cue exposure and memory testing occurred after beverage consumption (i.e., during intoxication for the alcohol group). Results: Alcohol intoxication impaired explicit recall of all cue types but did not impair implicit repetition priming. Emotionally negative and positive cues were more often recalled compared with neutral cues across all beverage groups, and emotionally negative cues demonstrated more priming than emotionally positive or neutral cues in all beverage groups. Conclusions: Alcohol intoxication disrupted effortful recall of all cues, although the relative memory advantage of emotionally valenced overneutral stimuli remained even after drinking. The effects of alcohol on unintentional memory priming were not statistically signifi cant, but the effects of emotionally negative cues were. Further research is needed to better understand alcohol intoxication and emotional valence effects on memory processes during implicit memory tasks and the possibility that negative mood facilitates memory priming of negative emotional stimuli. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 73, 718-725, 2012)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Memory for Emotional Picture Cues During Acute Alcohol Intoxication

Ray

Mun

Buckman

et al. 2012

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…This also occurs for implicit memory tasks where emotional stimuli show improved performance in priming tasks (e.g. Burton et al,2004;Collins & Cooke, 2005;LaBar et al, 2005;Michael et al, 2005). On this basis one would predict that implicit memory for the configuration would be stronger in the negative emotion condition leading to an increased CC effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Negative Emotional Stimuli Reduce Contextual Cueing but not Response Times in Inefficient Search

Kunar

Watson

Cole

et al. 2014

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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In visual search previous work has shown that negative stimuli narrow the focus of attention and speed reaction times (RTs). This paper investigates these two effects by first, asking whether negative emotional stimuli narrows the focus of attention to reduce the learning of a display context in a contextual cueing task, and second whether exposure to negative stimuli also reduce RTs in inefficient search tasks. In Experiment 1 participants viewed either negative or neutral images (faces or scenes) prior to a contextual cueing task. In a typical contextual cueing experiment RTs are reduced if displays are repeated across the experiment compared with novel displays that are not repeated. The results showed that a smaller contextual cueing effect was obtained after participants viewed negative stimuli compared to when they viewed neutral stimuli. However, in contrast to previous work, overall search RTs were not faster after viewing negative stimuli (Experiments 2 to 4). The findings are discussed in terms of the impact of emotional content on visual processing and the ability to use scene context to help facilitate search.3

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Current awareness in geriatric psychiatry

2006

Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry

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Emotional enhancement of perceptual priming is preserved in aging and early-stage Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 37 publications

References 61 publications

Memory for Emotional Picture Cues During Acute Alcohol Intoxication

Memory for Emotional Picture Cues During Acute Alcohol Intoxication

Negative Emotional Stimuli Reduce Contextual Cueing but not Response Times in Inefficient Search

Current awareness in geriatric psychiatry

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