Emotional imagery and the differential diagnosis of anxiety.

Cook, Edwin W.; Melamed, Barbara G.; Cuthbert, Bruce N.; McNeil, Daniel W.; Lang, Peter

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.5.734

Cited by 147 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(22 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

117

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In developing and validating this method in studies on the psychophysiology of fear and anxiety, Lang found that the more the number of stimulus aspects as well as physiological, behavioral and emotion consistent cognitive responses that were included into the imagery induction script, the stronger the activation produced by the imagery procedure (Lang et al 1980(Lang et al , 1983. He and his colleagues also found that when the imagery scripts were based on personal fear scenarios compared to standard fear, anger and anxiety scripts, subjects showed stronger physiological and subjective responses (Cook et al 1988;McNeil et al 1993;Miller et al 1987). In our earlier studies on the psychophysiology of emotions, we reported significant physiological responses associated with specific emotion states in healthy volunteers, using individualized scripts for the primary emotions of fear, sadness, anger, fear, joy and neutralrelaxed states (Sinha et al 1992;Sinha and Parsons 1996).…”

Section: Emotional Imagery Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Emotional imagery paradigms have been widely used in behavioral and neuroimaging research to understand the pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders, including major depression, panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (Cook et al 1988;Foa and Kozak 1986;Mayberg et al 1999;McNeil et al 1993;Orr et al 1993Orr et al , 1998Pitman et al 1987;Shalev et al 1993;Teasdale et al 1995). They have also been used for anger provocation to assess anger effects on markers of cardiovascular disease (Nelson et al 2005).…”

Section: Emotional Imagery Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Modeling Relapse Situations in the Human Laboratory

Sinha

2011

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is well known that alcoholism is a chronic relapsing illness. While stress significantly impacts alcoholism risk, there is also evidence that increasing levels of alcohol use affect peripheral and central stress and reward pathways thereby setting up a reciprocal relationship among the effects of alcohol consumption of the development, course of and recovery from alcoholism. This chapter reviews our efforts in assessing the integrity of stress pathways in alcoholism by examining whether altered responses of the stress pathways play a role in relapse risk. Using validated human laboratory procedures to model two of the most common situations that contribute to relapse risk, we review how such models in the laboratory can predict subsequent alcohol relapse. Empirical findings from human laboratory and brain imaging studies are reviewed to show that specific stress-related dysregulation accompanies the alcohol craving state in alcohol-dependent individuals, and such dysregulation along with increases in alcohol seeking are predictive of increased alcohol relapse risk. Finally, the significant implications of these findings for the development of novel treatment interventions that target stress processes and alcohol craving to improve alcoholism relapse outcomes are discussed.

show abstract

Section: Emotional Imagery Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Emotional Imagery Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Relapse Situations in the Human Laboratory

Sinha

2011

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The IAPS (Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, CSEA-NIMH, 1999) consists of a set of photographic images evaluated by subjects along three emotional dimensions: valence (pleasure/displeasure), arousal (calm/aroused), and control (controlling/controlled). The adequacy and utility of the IAPS have been experimentally and clinically demonstrated in patients with anxiety disorders (Cook, Malamed, Cuthbert, McNeil, & Lang, 1988;Cuthbert et al, 2003), drug addicts (Aguilar, Pérez, & Sánchez, 2003), and psychopaths (Patrick, Bradley, & Lang, 1993;Moltó et al, 2001). The IAPS has also been successfully utilised in the study of individuals with eating disorders (Drobes et al, 2001;Mauler, Tuschen, & Hamm, 1997).…”

Section: International Affective Picture System (Iaps)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Dyscontrol evoked by erotic and food images in women with bulimia nervosa

Rodríguez¹,

Mata²,

Lameiras³

et al. 2006

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study examined the emotional reactivity to erotic and food images of women with and without bulimia nervosa using the picture-viewing paradigm. A non-clinical student sample made up of 48 women, 24 diagnosed with bulimia nervosa and 24 healthy controls, aged between 18 and 27 years (M=21.79), participated in the study. Diagnosis was based on questionnaires and a structured interview following DSM-IV criteria. Participants assessed a set of food, erotic, neutral and unpleasant pictures using the Self-Assessment Manikin scales of valence, arousal and control. The women with bulimia nervosa rated as less pleasant the erotic and food pictures, which evoked greater dyscontrol, in comparison with the women without bulimia nervosa. No significant differences were found in the ratings for the remaining pictures. These results suggest that women with bulimia nervosa experience reduced pleasure and control over both food and sexual impulses.

show abstract

“…Lang et al (in press) suggested that generalised anxiety and stronger depressive symptoms, as observed in the social phobic persons in the present study, additively attenuate startle potentiation to imagined threat in anxiety disordered patients. It has been shown that this reflex pattern is not specific to fear cues that are related to phobics' clinical problems (Cook, Melamed, Cuthbert, McNeil, & Lang, 1988;Cuthbert et al, 2003).…”

Section: Behavioural Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Event-related potentials to schematic faces in social phobia

Kolassa

Musial

et al. 2007

Cognition & Emotion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Social phobia has been associated with an attentional bias for angry faces. This study aimed at further characterising this attentional bias by investigating reaction times, heart rates, and ERPs while social phobics, spider phobics, and controls identified either the colour or the emotional quality of angry, happy, or neutral schematic faces. The emotional expression of angry faces did not interfere with the processing of their colour in social phobics, and heart rate, N170 amplitude and parietal late positive potentials (LPPs) of these subjects were also no different from those of non phobic subjects. However, social phobics showed generally larger P1 amplitudes than non phobic controls with spider phobic subjects in between. No general threat advantage for angry faces was found. All groups identified neutral schematic faces faster and showed larger late positive amplitudes to neutral than to emotional faces. Furthermore, in all groups the N170 was modulated by the emotional quality of faces. This effect was most pronounced in the emotion identification task.With a life-time prevalence rate of about 13% (see Furmark, 2002;Westenberg, & Liebowitz, 2004, for reviews), social phobia is one of the most frequent phobic disorders. Individuals with social phobia fear embarrassment, humiliation, or negative evaluation in social interaction and performance situations. Approval or disapproval is most directly signalled by facial expressions. For example, during dyadic interaction the display of anger in the face of one of the interaction partners is a common Correspondence should be addressed to: Iris Tatjana

show abstract

Emotional imagery and the differential diagnosis of anxiety.

Cited by 147 publications

References 28 publications

Modeling Relapse Situations in the Human Laboratory

Modeling Relapse Situations in the Human Laboratory

Dyscontrol evoked by erotic and food images in women with bulimia nervosa

Event-related potentials to schematic faces in social phobia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About