Emotional insecurity in the family and community and youth delinquency in Northern Ireland: a person‐oriented analysis across five waves

Cummings, E. Mark; Taylor, Laura K.; Merrilees, Christine E.; Goeke‐Morey, Marcie C.; Shirlow, Peter

doi:10.1111/jcpp.12427

Cited by 34 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…From a human rights perspective, children should feel safe and secure in their homes, schools, and communities. Yet, in the life-endangering conditions of war, parents are often burdened by an overwhelming sense of responsibility for their children’s security (Cummings et al, 2016; Punamäki, 2014). When the larger society does not fulfil its protective role, the quality of family relations becomes highly important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Follow-up analyses revealed close and dynamic interactions among traumatic political events, children’s aggressive symptoms, and family violence and conflicts. Children’s community-evoked emotional insecurity made them more vulnerable when facing family conflicts, and vice versa (Cummings, Taylor, Merrilees, Goeke-Morey, & Shirlow, 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Family systems approach to attachment relations, war trauma, and mental health among Palestinian children and parents

Punamäki

Qouta²,

Peltonen

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Trauma affects the family unit as a whole; however, most existing research uses individual or, at most, dyadic approaches to analyse families with histories of trauma. Objective: This study aims to identify potentially distinct family types according to attachment, parenting, and sibling relations, to analyse how these family types differ with respect to war trauma, and to explore how children’s mental health and cognitive processing differ across these family types. Method: Participants included Palestinian mothers and fathers (N = 325) and their children (one per family; 49.4% girls; 10–13 years old; mean ± SD age = 11.35 ± 0.57 years) after the Gaza War of 2008–2009. Both parents reported their exposure to war trauma, secure attachment availability, and parenting practices, as well as the target child’s internalizing and externalizing symptoms [Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)]. Children reported their symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (on the Children’s Revised Impact Event Scale), depression (Birleson), and SDQ, as well as their post-traumatic cognitions (Children’s Post Traumatic Cognitions Inventory). Results: A cluster analysis identified four family types. The largest type reflected secure attachment and optimal relationships (security and positive family relationships, 36.2%, n = 102), and the smallest exhibited insecurity and problematic relationships (insecurity and negative family relationships, 15.6%; n = 44). Further, families with discrepant experiences (23.0%; n = 65) and moderate security and neutral relationships (25.2%; n = 71) emerged. The insecurity and negative relationships family type showed higher levels of war trauma; internalizing, externalizing, and depressive symptoms among children; and dysfunctional post-traumatic cognitions than other family types. Conclusion: The family systems approach to mental health is warranted in war conditions, and therapeutic interventions for children should, thus, also involve parents and siblings. Knowledge of unique family attachment patterns is fruitful for tailoring therapeutic treatments and preventive interventions for war-affected children and families.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family systems approach to attachment relations, war trauma, and mental health among Palestinian children and parents

Punamäki

Qouta²,

Peltonen

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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“…For example, in Northern Ireland, a context of ethno-political divide, children's emotional insecurity about community mediated the impact of sectarian antisocial behavior, or intergroup threat, on internalizing and externalizing problems in both boys and girls (Cummings et al, 2010); insecurity also moderated the impact of family conflict on youth delinquency over time (Cummings et al, 2016).…”

Section: Emotional Security At the Community Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An extension of attachment theory, emotional security theory describes how a need for security in social relations motivates youths' responses to perceived threat. That is, when safety is in question, youth may engage in a series of emotional, cognitive, and/or behavioral responses that attempt to regain a sense of security Cummings, Taylor, Merrilees, Goeke-Morey, & Shirlow, 2016). Youths' responses have implications for their social and emotional functioning; for example, what is adaptive in one context may be maladaptive in another, thereby relating to internalizing and externalizing behaviors over time (Cummings & Davies, 2011).…”

Section: Emotional Security At the Community Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity of Risk: Mixed-Methods Approach to Understanding Youth Risk and Insecurity in Postconflict Settings

Taylor

Merrilees

Biruški

et al. 2017

Journal of Adolescent Research

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In settings of intergroup conflict, identifying contextually relevant risk factors for youth development is an important task. In Vukovar, Croatia, a city devastated during the war in former Yugoslavia, ethno-political tensions remain. The current study utilized a mixed-methods approach to identify two salient community-level risk factors (ethnic tension and general antisocial behavior) and related emotional insecurity responses (ethnic and nonethnic insecurity) among youth in Vukovar. In Study 1, focus group discussions ( N = 66) with mothers, fathers, and adolescents of age 11 to 15 years old were analyzed using the constant comparative method, revealing two types of risk and insecurity responses. In Study 2, youth ( N = 227, 58% male, M = 15.88, SD = 1.12 years) responded to quantitative scales developed from the focus groups, discriminate validity was demonstrated, and path analyses established predictive validity between each type of risk and insecurity. First, community ethnic tension (i.e., threats related to war/ethnic identity) significantly predicted ethnic insecurity for all youth (β = .41, p < .001). Second, experience with community antisocial behavior (i.e., general crime found in any context) predicted nonethnic community insecurity for girls (β = .32, p < .05) but not for boys. These findings are the first to show multiple forms of emotional insecurity at the community level; implications for future research are discussed.

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“…Furthermore, WUSCT was found to be translated into the Arabic language by other scholars and was used cross-culturally in other languages, i.e. has been used on people from different cultures [11,12,13,14].…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ego Development in Juvenile Delinquency among Bahraini Youths

Alfulaij¹

2017

int.jour.sci.res.mana

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Abstract:The rapid modernization in the Kingdom of Bahrain has brought wealth and prosperity but also many stresses in its traditional social roles and relations. The advent of juvenile delinquency is regarded as a symptom of such social changes. In this study, certain measures were administered to a group of 30 juvenile offenders which were compared with those of 30 high school pupils who had no prior record of delinquency. Interrelations with delinquency versus non-delinquency statuses were hypothesized among the following study variables; family conditions, measured by the Parental Acceptance/Rejection Questionnaire and the ego development, measured by the Washington University Sentence Completion Test. Both these instruments were tested before by translation into Arabic and application on Arabic populations. The results showed that certain social and economic status criteria were significantly related to the delinquency status. Discriminant analysis revealed that level of ego development contributed enormously more to the prediction than any single another variable. Significant contributions were also made by the level of mother's education, of father's occupation and other family conditions such as the father being married to more than one wife and mothers being strictly housewives only. These findings reveal social psychological changes due to rapid modernization that affect the core of the family system.

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Emotional insecurity in the family and community and youth delinquency in Northern Ireland: a person‐oriented analysis across five waves

Cited by 34 publications

References 38 publications

Family systems approach to attachment relations, war trauma, and mental health among Palestinian children and parents

Family systems approach to attachment relations, war trauma, and mental health among Palestinian children and parents

Complexity of Risk: Mixed-Methods Approach to Understanding Youth Risk and Insecurity in Postconflict Settings

Ego Development in Juvenile Delinquency among Bahraini Youths

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