EMPATHIC-N in a Greek-Cypriot sample: confirming its factorial structure

Papamichael, Elena; Ιωάννου, Μαρία; Talias, Μichael A.

doi:10.1186/s12913-018-3793-3

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In this study we measured parent satisfaction within 24 h up to expected discharge. This timing was consistent with that of previous studies, which surveyed NICU parents prior to discharge (25,30), or on the day of discharge and up to 3 days after discharge (28). In other parent satisfaction studies, Latour et al surveyed parents 2-3 weeks after discharge of a child from the PICU (23, 31) and 3-4 weeks after discharge of infants from the NICU (24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Parent Satisfaction With Care and Treatment Relates to Missed Nursing Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units

et al. 2020

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Background: The satisfaction of parents of infants in neonatal intensive care is important to parent-infant bonding and parents' ability to care for their baby, including after discharge. Given the principal caregiver role of nurses in this setting, parent satisfaction is influenced by high quality nursing care. Nursing care that is required but missed, such as counseling and support, might influence parent satisfaction. How missed nursing care relates to parent satisfaction is unknown. Objective: To describe the satisfaction of parents of infants in neonatal intensive care and to determine how satisfaction relates to missed nursing care in a sample of USA nursing units. Methods: The design was cross-sectional and correlational. Thirty neonatal intensive care units that participate in the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators were recruited. To maximize sample variation in missed care, the highest and lowest quartile hospitals on missed nursing care, measured by nurse survey, were eligible. Ten parents of infants who were to be discharged were recruited from each site to complete a survey. Parent satisfaction was measured by the EMPATHIC-38 instrument, comprising five subscales: information, care and treatment, organization, parental participation, and professional attitude, and a total satisfaction score. Multivariate regression models were estimated. Results: Parent satisfaction was high (5.70 out of 6.00). The prevalence of missed care was 25 and 51% for low and high missed care units, respectively, and 40% for all units. On average, nurses missed 1.06 care activities; in the low and high missed care units the averages were 0.46 and 1.32. Over 10% of nurses missed activities that involved the parent, e.g., teaching, helping breastfeeding mothers, and preparing families for discharge. One standard deviation decrease in missed care activities at the unit level was associated with a 0.08-point increase in parent satisfaction with care and treatment (p = 0.01). Lake et al. Parent Satisfaction and Missed Care Conclusion: Parents in USA neonatal intensive care units are highly satisfied. Neonatal intensive care nurses routinely miss care. Parent satisfaction with care and treatment is related to missed nursing care. Nursing care that is missed relates primarily to the care of the baby by the parents, which could have long term health and developmental consequences.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Parent Satisfaction With Care and Treatment Relates to Missed Nursing Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units

et al. 2020

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“…The EMPATHIC-38-NICU-USA and EMPATHIC-30-NICU-USA demonstrated overall Cronbach's alphas of 0.94 and 0.92. These values are consistent with high Cronbach alphas in the Netherlands (0.93) ( 27 ), Spain (0.95) ( 31 ), and Australia (0.91) ( 33 ) and higher than in Greece (0.87) ( 29 ) and Brazil (>0.70 in all domains) ( 26 ). The EMPATHIC-NICU-USA versions had similar domain-level alphas (0.68–0.84) as other linguistic adaptations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The concurrent validity indicators used were consistent with the general satisfaction items used in the countries Spain ( 31 ), the Netherlands ( 20 , 26 , 27 ), France ( 32 ), Switzerland ( 32 ), and Australia ( 33 ). The remaining referenced papers did not report Spearman's correlation to demonstrate validity ( 28 , 29 ). The range of validity values of the EMPATHIC-NICU-USA was consistent with the EMAPTHIC-30 in the Netherlands (0.37–0.51) ( 20 ), Australia (0.38–0.69) ( 33 ), and France and Switzerland (0.25–0.63) ( 32 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also a 57-item EMPATHIC-N, which was developed in the Netherlands to measure NICU parent satisfaction ( 20 ). The EMPATHIC-N has been translated into Portuguese ( 28 ), Greek ( 29 ), and Italian ( 30 ). The EMPATHIC ( 26 ), the EMPATHIC-30 ( 27 ), and the EMPATHIC-N ( 20 ) all contain five domains of satisfaction: information, care and treatment, organization, parental participation, and professional attitude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EMPATHIC-30 exhibited domain-level Cronbach alphas of 0.56–0.89 across Spain ( n = 150) and 0.73–0.81 in the Netherlands ( n = 3,354) ( 27 , 31 ). The Cronbach alphas for the total score for the EMPATHIC-30 was 0.93 from the Netherlands ( 27 ) and 0.95 from Spain ( 31 ) and 0.87 for the EMPATHIC-N from Greece ( 29 ). The EMPATHIC-N exhibited domain-level Cronbach alphas above 0.70 in samples from the Netherlands ( n = 441), Italy ( n = 162), Greece ( n = 256), and Brazil ( n = 40) ( 20 , 28 – 30 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring Parent Satisfaction With Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: The EMPATHIC-NICU-USA Questionnaire

et al. 2020

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Background: Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patient satisfaction is measured as parent satisfaction. Parents are critical to the family-centered care model and can evaluate care. Several EMpowerment of PArents in THe Intensive Care (EMPATHIC) instruments were developed in the Netherlands to measure parent satisfaction with neonatal and pediatric intensive care. EMPATHIC instruments comprise five domains and a total score: information, care and treatment, organization, parental participation, and professional attitude. To our knowledge, the EMPATHIC has not been adapted for USA use. Objectives: (1) To select a relevant EMPATHIC instrument for our study. (2) To expand the content reflecting the role of nurses and the cultural heterogeneity of USA NICU infants. (3) To adapt the selected EMPATHIC instrument to USA English. (4) To establish psychometric properties of the linguistically adapted instrument. (5) To evaluate instrument performance with additional items. Methods: The EMPATHIC-30 was selected based on shortest length, high overlap with neonatal EMPATHIC-N, and availability of a validated Spanish-language version. Six items from the EMPATHIC-N were added, two of which were split into separate items, resulting in the EMPATHIC-38. A neonatal nurse practitioner adapted wording to USA English. Cognitive debriefing was performed with eight NICU parents to evaluate adapted wording. Parent survey data from a study about missed nursing care and NICU parent satisfaction were utilized. Internal consistency of the five domains and overall score was measured by Cronbach's alpha. Spearman's rank correlations were computed for domains and overall score with four validity measures. Differential validity was determined using 13 parent demographic subgroups. Results: Data were from 282 parents. Parent race was predominantly White (61%) or Black (22%). One fifth were Hispanic. The adapted wording was satisfactory. Four of the five EMPATHIC-30 and EMPATHIC-38 domains had Cronbach alphas at or above 0.70, indicating acceptable reliability. Correlations between the domain, total scores, and validity indicators ranged from 0.30 to 0.57, indicating positive, moderate associations. Results were replicated in demographic subgroups. Reliability and validity of the three domains with additional items were better than or equivalent to values for the original. Conclusion: The linguistically adapted EMPATHIC-30-NICU-USA and the expanded EMPATHIC-38-NICU-USA exhibit satisfactory psychometric properties and are suitable for use in USA NICUs.

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Psychometric testing of a Danish version of the empowerment of parents in the intensive care – Neonatology questionnaire has confirmed validity

et al. 2023

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Aim: Investigating parent satisfaction with care is important to guide quality development. In this study we translated and validated a Danish version of the empowerment of parents in the intensive care -neonatology (EMPATHIC-N) questionnaire to determine validity in Danish contexts. Method: A psychometric study design was applied. Translation was performed according to recommended international standards. Confirmatory factor analyses including standardized factor loadings, Cronbach's α reliability estimates, congruent validity, and nondifferential validity testing were applied. The study was performed from June 2017 through November 2019 at a 33-bed level IV neonatal intensive care unit. Results: Participants were 311 parents (response rate = 42,8%). Confirmative factor analyses disclosed a moderate model fit of the instrument with Comparative Fit Index (CFI) values of 0.83 to 0.92. Cronbach's α showed good reliability (0.82 to 0.93). Congruent validity showed good positive correlations (0.48 to 0.71) between the instrument domains and four overall satisfaction indicators. In search of improved model fit, a version including 27 items was tested. This version showed a better model fit with CFI values of 0.92 to 0.99 and satisfactory Cronbach's α values. Conclusions: Model fit for the Danish full EMPATIC-N was moderate. The shorter version showed better psychometric properties.

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EMPATHIC-N in a Greek-Cypriot sample: confirming its factorial structure

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Parent Satisfaction With Care and Treatment Relates to Missed Nursing Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units

Parent Satisfaction With Care and Treatment Relates to Missed Nursing Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units

Measuring Parent Satisfaction With Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: The EMPATHIC-NICU-USA Questionnaire

Psychometric testing of a Danish version of the empowerment of parents in the intensive care – Neonatology questionnaire has confirmed validity

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