Empathy and outcome in brief focal dynamic therapy

N, Free; Green, Bonnie L.; Grace, Mary C.; Chernus, Linda A.; Whitman, Roy M.

doi:10.1176/ajp.142.8.917

Cited by 41 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It is not unusual for therapists and clients to have different views of the therapy relationship. For example, when therapists, clients, and supervisors were rated therapist empathy during the same session, there was no significant agreement among clients, therapists, or supervisors on ratings of therapist empathy (Free, Green, Grace, Chernus, & Whitman, 1985; Squier, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Congruence and discrepancy between working alliance and real relationship: Variance decomposition and response surface analyses.

Kivlighan

Kline

Gelso

et al. 2017

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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We examined how congruence and discrepancy in clients' and therapists' ratings of the working alliance (WA) and real relationship (RR) were related to client-rated session quality (SES; Session Evaluation Scale). Ratings for 2517 sessions of 144 clients and 23 therapists were partitioned into therapist-level, client-level, and session-level components and then analyzed using multilevel, polynomial regression and response surface analysis. For both clients and therapists, at all levels of analysis (except the therapist level for therapist ratings), SES was highest when combined WA and RR ratings were high, and lowest when combined ratings were low. For client ratings, discrepancy between WA and RR, at the client and session levels, was associated with greater session quality. Some clients perceived greater session quality when, across all sessions, WA was stronger than RR and other clients perceived greater session quality when RR was stronger than WA. Within clients, session quality was highest when some sessions had a stronger WA than RR whereas other sessions had a stronger RR than WA. These findings are compatible with a responsiveness framework, therapists varied the balance of WA and RR to suit situational demands or needs of different clients. When therapists rated WA and RR the opposite pattern of results emerged; clients perceived greater session quality when therapists' WA and RR ratings, for a session were high and consistent (i.e., no discrepancy between WA and RR). In addition, across all sessions, clients perceived greater session quality when WA and RR ratings were high and consistent. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Congruence and discrepancy between working alliance and real relationship: Variance decomposition and response surface analyses.

Kivlighan

Kline

Gelso

et al. 2017

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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“…One interpretation of the findings was that the poor associations between residents’ self-reported empathy and simulated patients’ assessments could be a contextual artifact due to the use of simulated versus real patients and short encounter times (30). It has been suggested that the link between patients’ perceptions and clinicians’ self-reported empathy could be strengthened by better training in how to communicate empathic understanding to patients (31). Empathic engagement requires a reasonable time to develop which cannot be fully formed in a short period of a single clinical encounter with simulated patients in OSCE situations (28,32).…”

Section: Correlation With Clinician’s Self-reported Empathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient Perceptions of Clinician’s Empathy

Hojat

DeSantis

Gonnella

2017

Journal of Patient Experience

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The prominence of reciprocal understanding in patient–doctor empathic engagement implies that patient perception of clinician’s empathy has an important role in the assessment of the patient–clinician relationship. In response to a need for an assessment tool to measure patient’s views of clinician empathy, we developed a brief (5-item) instrument, the Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy (JSPPPE). This review article reports evidence in support of the validity and reliability of the JSPPPE.

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“…The controversial findings might be due to the biased patient perception of provider empathy in comparison to provider self-assessed since empathy determination requires certain time to develop and might be skewed due to limited time within a single patient encounter [ 7 ]. This could particularly be occurring in stressful environments where there is a lack of relationship built between patients and providers on empathic understanding [ 9 , 12 ]. The JSE was initially derived and used for empathy evaluations of health professions students and proved to be valid in terms of its construction, internal consistency, prediction, and test-retest reliabilities [ 8 , 13 – 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between emergency physician self-reported empathy and patient satisfaction

et al. 2018

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BackgroundHigher physician self-reported empathy has been associated with higher overall patient satisfaction. However, more evidence-based research is needed to determine such association in an emergent care setting.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between physician self-reported empathy and after-care instant patient-to-provider satisfaction among Emergency Department (ED) healthcare providers with varying years of medical practice experience.Research designA prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital ED.MethodsForty-one providers interacted with 1,308 patients across 1,572 encounters from July 1 through October 31, 2016. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) was used to assess provider empathy. An after-care instant patient satisfaction survey, with questionnaires regarding patient-to-provider satisfaction specifically, was conducted prior to the patient moving out of the ED. The relation between physician empathy and patient satisfaction was estimated using risk ratios (RR) and their corresponding 95% confidence limits (CL) from log-binomial regression models.ResultsEmergency Medicine (EM) residents had the lowest JSE scores (median 111; interquartile range [IQR]: 107–122) and senior physicians had the highest scores (median 119.5; IQR: 111–129). Similarly, EM residents had the lowest percentage of “very satisfied” responses (65%) and senior physicians had the highest reported percentage of “very satisfied” responses (69%). There was a modest positive association between JSE and satisfaction (RR = 1.04; 95% CL: 1.00, 1.07).ConclusionThis study provides evidence of a positive association between ED provider self-reported empathy and after-care instant patient-to-provider satisfaction. Overall higher empathy scores were associated with higher patient satisfaction, though minor heterogeneity occurred between different provider characteristics.

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Empathy and outcome in brief focal dynamic therapy

Cited by 41 publications

References 16 publications

Congruence and discrepancy between working alliance and real relationship: Variance decomposition and response surface analyses.

Congruence and discrepancy between working alliance and real relationship: Variance decomposition and response surface analyses.

Patient Perceptions of Clinician’s Empathy

Association between emergency physician self-reported empathy and patient satisfaction

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