Empathy and perception of emotion in eyes from the FEEST/Ekman and Friesen faces

Allen-Walker, Louise; Beaton, Alan A.

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.08.037

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Recently, emotional empathy has been found to enhance the accuracy [33,34] and speed [73] of recognizing human emotional expressions. In addition, the ratings of emotion intensity also correlate positively with the emotional empathy of the rater [36]. Our results strongly agree with the previous literature, broadening the effect of subject’s emotional empathy also to estimation of emotion from dog facial expressions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The clustering variable was the subject, taking into account the non-independence of ratings made by the same subject; age and gender were included as fixed effects, and the models were estimated with maximum likelihood method. The variable selection was based on the hypotheses made on the basis of previous literature [9,26,28,33–36,42–45,53]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Observer’s empathic abilities affect their evaluation of emotions from human facial expressions: people with higher empathic scores (usually in emotional empathy or total empathy measures) are more accurate in recognizing emotional facial expressions of other humans [33,34]. They also recognize the emotions earlier [35] and estimate the intensity of the emotions higher [36]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, based on empathy [33–36] and personality [42–45] affecting the perception of human facial expressions, we expected the evaluation of dog facial expressions to be likewise affected by these psychological factors. In particular, we expected the subjects with higher emotional empathy to evaluate happiness higher in Pleasant and anger/aggressiveness in Threatening faces (based on [33–36]); subjects with higher extraversion to evaluate Pleasant faces as happier and subjects with high neuroticism to evaluate Threatening faces as more angry/aggressive (based on [42–45]). Additionally, based on previous studies [9,26,28,53], we expected that dog expertise may have a moderate effect on evaluating dog facial expressions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Empathy, Personality and Experience Affect the Emotion Ratings of Dog and Human Facial Expressions

et al. 2017

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Facial expressions are important for humans in communicating emotions to the conspecifics and enhancing interpersonal understanding. Many muscles producing facial expressions in humans are also found in domestic dogs, but little is known about how humans perceive dog facial expressions, and which psychological factors influence people’s perceptions. Here, we asked 34 observers to rate the valence, arousal, and the six basic emotions (happiness, sadness, surprise, disgust, fear, and anger/aggressiveness) from images of human and dog faces with Pleasant, Neutral and Threatening expressions. We investigated how the subjects’ personality (the Big Five Inventory), empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index) and experience of dog behavior affect the ratings of dog and human faces. Ratings of both species followed similar general patterns: human subjects classified dog facial expressions from pleasant to threatening very similarly to human facial expressions. Subjects with higher emotional empathy evaluated Threatening faces of both species as more negative in valence and higher in anger/aggressiveness. More empathetic subjects also rated the happiness of Pleasant humans but not dogs higher, and they were quicker in their valence judgments of Pleasant human, Threatening human and Threatening dog faces. Experience with dogs correlated positively with ratings of Pleasant and Neutral dog faces. Personality also had a minor effect on the ratings of Pleasant and Neutral faces in both species. The results imply that humans perceive human and dog facial expression in a similar manner, and the perception of both species is influenced by psychological factors of the evaluators. Especially empathy affects both the speed and intensity of rating dogs’ emotional facial expressions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Empathy, Personality and Experience Affect the Emotion Ratings of Dog and Human Facial Expressions

et al. 2017

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“…Importantly, Experiment 2 agrees with our results from Experiment 1 because both suggested that children high in empathy had a lower threshold in the perception of pain. Children’s rating of pain intensity in observed faces was related to their empathy measured by a self-reported questionnaire, which extended the finding of Allen-Walker and Beaton (2015) that averaged ratings of intensity across six emotions in Facial Expressions of Emotion: Stimuli and Tests was significantly correlated with participants’ Empathy Quotient. Previous research in adults showed that people scoring higher in empathy wound exhibit higher pain-related brain activity ( Singer et al, 2004 ; Saarela et al, 2007 ), and observers’ brain activity was in turn related to the rated intensity of pain shown ( Saarela et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 68%

Children’s Empathy and Their Perception and Evaluation of Facial Pain Expression: An Eye Tracking Study

Yan

Pei

2017

Front. Psychol.

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The function of empathic concern to process pain is a product of evolutionary adaptation. Focusing on 5- to 6-year old children, the current study employed eye-tracking in an odd-one-out task (searching for the emotional facial expression among neutral expressions, N = 47) and a pain evaluation task (evaluating the pain intensity of a facial expression, N = 42) to investigate the relationship between children’s empathy and their behavioral and perceptual response to facial pain expression. We found children detected painful expression faster than others (angry, sad, and happy), children high in empathy performed better on searching facial expression of pain, and gave higher evaluation of pain intensity; and rating for pain in painful expressions was best predicted by a self-reported empathy score. As for eye-tracking in pain detection, children fixated on pain more quickly, less frequently and for shorter times. Of facial clues, children fixated on eyes and mouth more quickly, more frequently and for longer times. These results implied that painful facial expression was different from others in a cognitive sense, and children’s empathy might facilitate their search and make them perceive the intensity of observed pain on the higher side.

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Negative interpretation bias towards ambiguous facial expressions in individuals with high empathy

Fang,

2024

Motiv Emot

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Empathy and perception of emotion in eyes from the FEEST/Ekman and Friesen faces

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Human Empathy, Personality and Experience Affect the Emotion Ratings of Dog and Human Facial Expressions

Human Empathy, Personality and Experience Affect the Emotion Ratings of Dog and Human Facial Expressions

Children’s Empathy and Their Perception and Evaluation of Facial Pain Expression: An Eye Tracking Study

Negative interpretation bias towards ambiguous facial expressions in individuals with high empathy

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