Empathy in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Harmsen, Irene E.

doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04087-w

Cited by 99 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…Empathy is found to be impaired in AP in general ( 21 ), and has been linked to Theory of Mind deficits, which have a strong basis in both the mirror neuron and executive functioning systems of the brain ( 22 ). Harmesen ( 23 ) has highlighted that both AP, those with a diagnosis of BPD and those with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder all show impaired cognitive empathy. Conversely, individuals with schizophrenia show impaired affective empathy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adding a Dimension to the Dichotomy: Affective Processes Are Implicated in the Relationship Between Autistic and Schizotypal Traits

et al. 2020

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individuals, regardless of autism diagnostic status. We found no evidence of empathy relating to any subscale of schizotypy, or the total schizotypy score. We contend that emotional processes should be considered in exploration of the relationship between autism and schizotypy in future. This may help to explain some of the findings of overlap between these constructs in previous research. Factors known to affect neurodevelopment of emotion systems such as history of early trauma, challenges during pregnancy and birth, and early childhood experiences of adversity during critical windows of development need further consideration in future research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adding a Dimension to the Dichotomy: Affective Processes Are Implicated in the Relationship Between Autistic and Schizotypal Traits

et al. 2020

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“…In collectivism, people need to sensitively perceive the feelings or thoughts of others because "not bothering others" and "cooperativeness" are regarded as virtues; that is, the fear of being disliked and not accepted plays a prominent role in collectivistic societies like Japan [44]. However, patients with ASD have de cits in empathy and "theory of mind," and they often have di culties in understanding the thoughts of others and communicating with them properly [45,46]. Therefore, patients with ASD are unable to form and maintain positive peer relationships, and some of them are even bullied in childhood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodevelopmental Disorder traits in Taijin-Kyofu-Sho and Social Anxiety Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study Among University Students

Kajitani

Tsuchimoto

Omodaka

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Taijin-Kyofu-sho, an East Asian culture-bound anxiety disorder, has been likened to social anxiety disorder. However, few studies have examined these two disorders from the perspective of neurodevelopmental disorders. This study aimed to examine the association of Taijin-Kyofu-sho and social anxiety disorder with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder.Methods: The Liebowitz Social Anxiety, Taijin-Kyofu-sho, and Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report scales and the 16-item Autism-Spectrum Quotient were administered to 818 university students. Participants were divided into four groups: control (neither Taijin-Kyofu-sho nor social anxiety disorder), pure Taijin-Kyofu-sho (Taijin-Kyofu-sho alone), pure social anxiety disorder (social anxiety disorder alone), and Taijin-Kyofu-sho-social anxiety disorder mixed (both Taijin-Kyofu-sho and social anxiety disorder). We used logistic regression analysis to examine whether attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder were associated with Taijin-Kyofu-sho and social anxiety disorder.Results: Autism spectrum disorder was significantly associated with pure Taijin-Kyofu-sho (p = 0.006, odds ratio: 3.99). Female sex and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder were significantly associated with pure social anxiety disorder (sex: p = 0.013, odds ratio: 2.61; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: p = 0.012, odds ratio: 2.46). Female sex, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder were significantly associated with Taijin-Kyofu-sho-social anxiety disorder mixed (sex: p = 0.043, odds ratio: 2.16; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: p = 0.003, odds ratio: 2.75; autism spectrum disorder: p < 0.001, odds ratio: 16.93). Conclusions: Neurodevelopmental disorder traits differed between individuals with Taijin-Kyofu-sho and those with social anxiety disorder. Japanese individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or autism spectrum disorder traits are at a risk of developing Taijin-Kyofu-sho or social anxiety disorder in the future.

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“…Research has suggested a differentiation between cognitive empathy, which involves understanding another's thought process or perspective, and affective or emotional empathy, which is an individual's emotional response to the distress of others. It has been recently suggested that autistic individuals have deficits in cognitive empathy, but not necessarily emotional empathy (Harmsen, 2019). This may represent an important new perspective.…”

Section: Other Typical Aspects Of Female Asdmentioning

confidence: 96%

Detection and Diagnosis of ASD in Females

Eckerd

2020

J Health Serv Psychol

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Autism in females is often unrecognized and undiagnosed. This article describes the presentation of autistic traits of females and how they differ from those of males with autism. Screening tools for assessing autism in children, adolescents, and adults are identified and described. The process of clinical assessment of females for possible autism are described, including the disclosure of potential diagnoses to the patient.

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Empathy in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Cited by 99 publications

References 171 publications

Adding a Dimension to the Dichotomy: Affective Processes Are Implicated in the Relationship Between Autistic and Schizotypal Traits

Adding a Dimension to the Dichotomy: Affective Processes Are Implicated in the Relationship Between Autistic and Schizotypal Traits

Neurodevelopmental Disorder traits in Taijin-Kyofu-Sho and Social Anxiety Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study Among University Students

Detection and Diagnosis of ASD in Females

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Empathy in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Cited by 99 publications

References 171 publications

Adding a Dimension to the Dichotomy: Affective Processes Are Implicated in the Relationship Between Autistic and Schizotypal Traits

Adding a Dimension to the Dichotomy: Affective Processes Are Implicated in the Relationship Between Autistic and Schizotypal Traits

Neurodevelopmental Disorder traits in&nbsp;Taijin-Kyofu-Sho&nbsp;and Social Anxiety Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study Among University Students

Detection and Diagnosis of ASD in Females

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Resources

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Neurodevelopmental Disorder traits in Taijin-Kyofu-Sho and Social Anxiety Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study Among University Students