Empirical assessing cement CO2 emissions based on China's economic and social development during 2001–2030

Wei, Junxiao; Cen, Kuang

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.371

Cited by 119 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Figure 1 shows the worldwide fossil fuel consumption from 1990 to 2018. The fossil fuel energy reserves have been decreasing due to the year-over-year demand, due to the growth in the population and economy [4]. The governments need to support related research and development, on the new energy alternatives, or substitutes, in order to replace it, before all of it runs out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Sustainable Biomass Producer Gas as a Waste-to-Energy Alternative in Malaysia

et al. 2021

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It has been widely accepted worldwide, that the greenhouse effect is by far the most challenging threat in the new century. Renewable energy has been adopted to prevent excessive greenhouse effects, and to enhance sustainable development. Malaysia has a large amount of biomass residue, which provides the country with the much needed support the foreseeable future. This investigation aims to analyze potentials biomass gases from major biomass residues in Malaysia. The potential biomass gasses can be obtained using biomass conversion technologies, including biological and thermo-chemical technologies. The thermo-chemical conversion technology includes four major biomass conversion technologies such as gasification, combustion, pyrolysis, and liquefaction. Biomass wastes can be attained through solid biomass technologies to obtain syngas which includes carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. The formation of tar occurs during the main of biomass conversion reaction such as gasification and pyrolysis. The formation of tar hinders equipment or infrastructure from catalytic aspects, which will be applied to prevent the formation of tar. The emission, combustion, and produced gas reactions were investigated. It will help to contribute the potential challenges and strategies, due to sustainable biomass, to harness resources management systems in Malaysia to reduce the problem of biomass residues and waste.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Sustainable Biomass Producer Gas as a Waste-to-Energy Alternative in Malaysia

et al. 2021

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“…ECC has been investigated for over 30 years and has evolved from PVA-ECC with low and moderate strength grades and a tensile strain capacity of 3-5% (Yang et al 2007;Pan et al 2018;Zhang et al 2020b) to PE-ECC with all grades and a tensile strain capacity of up to 8% (Yu et al 2017(Yu et al , 2018Li et al 2019), and thus PE-ECC was named ultra-high ductility cementitious composites (UHDCC). Due to the absence of coarse aggregates, the cementitious material content for developing high strength UHDCC is obviously higher than conventional concrete, and the high Portland cement content is the most costly and environmentally unfriendly (Wei and Cen 2019) at the same time, which violates the concept of ecological and green construction materials. In recent years, applying nanomaterials to cementbased composites has increasingly been a popular topic, and nanotechnology could modify the properties of cement-based composites, and also reduce CO2 emission and raw materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofibrillated celluloses for the performance improvement of ultra-high ductility cementitious composites

Liang

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This study explored the effect of nanofibrillated celluloses (CNF), namely 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.15% of binders weight, on the hydration, rheology, pore structure, and mechanical properties of ultra-high ductility cementitious composites (UHDCC). The hydration kinetics were conducted with different CNF contents using isothermal calorimetry (IC), showing a retardation effect of CNF on the early hydration of UHDCC matrices at 70 h due to the absorption of CNF on the surface of cement particles. Then, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that CNF improved the degree of hydration at 28 days due to the formation of the CNF transport of water into unhydrated cement cores. The two rheological parameters, namely the yield stress and plastic viscosity, of the fresh UHDCC matrices increased with the increasing CNF contents. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) analysis, as a non-destructive method, proved that the addition of CNF could reduce the porosity of UHDCC and refine its pore size distribution, and the 8.9–46.1% enhancement in the compressive strength of corresponding specimens was found. Notably, CNF could increase the tensile initial cracking stress by 91.2% and tensile stress by 30.8% of UHDCC, and maintain or increase its over 8% of tensile strain-hardening capacity. The flexural tests also were found a 54.6% increase in the initial stress and a 14.8% increase in the peak stress. As a preliminary, CNF shows crucial promising as a greener nanomaterial to improve the strength and ductility of UHDCC.

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“…Cement clinker manufacturing is an energy-intensive process, often involving fuel (pulverized coal, oil and gas) combustion/firing. Fuel firing (mainly pulverized coal in China) is required to achieve and maintain thermal conditions for carbonate decomposition and clinker calcination; it is also a process with significant CO 2 emissions [1,2]. Global process emissions during cement production in 2017 were 1.48 ± 0.20 GT of CO 2 , equivalent to about four percent of the total global fossil fuel emissions [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of the Thermal Efficiency of a Whole Cement Clinker Calcination System and Its Application on a 5000 MT/D Production Line

2020

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This paper proposes that the scope of research should be extended to the whole clinker calcination system from its single device or specific process (i.e., its functional subunits) as conventionally conducted. Mass/heat flow and effective heat were first analyzed to obtain the thermal efficiencies of its subunits (φi); a thermal efficiency model of the whole system φQY was thus established by correlating the relationship between φi and φQY. The thermal efficiency model of the whole system showed that φi had a positive linear correlation with φQY; it was found that the thermal efficiency of the decomposition and clinker calcination unit (φDC) had the greatest weight on φQY, where a 1% increase in φDC led to a 1.73% increase in φQY—improving φDC was shown to be the most effective way to improve φQY. In this paper, the developed thermal efficiency model was applied to one 5000 MT/D production line. It was found that its φQY was only 61.70%—about 2.35% lower than a representative line; such decrease was caused by its low φDC and φP which, as disclosed by model, were derived from the low decomposition rate of calcium carbonate in preheated meal put into a calciner and the high excess air coefficient of secondary air. Controlled parameter optimization of this 5000 MT/D production line was then carried out. As a result, the φDC and φP of the production line were increased from 30.03% and 64.61% to 30.69% and 65.69%, respectively; the φQY increased from 61.70% to 62.55%; the clinker output of the production line increased from 5799 MT/D to 5968 MT/D; the heat consumption of clinker was reduced from 3286.98 kJ/kg·cl to 3252.41 kJ/kg·cl.

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Empirical assessing cement CO2 emissions based on China's economic and social development during 2001–2030

Cited by 119 publications

References 23 publications

The Potential of Sustainable Biomass Producer Gas as a Waste-to-Energy Alternative in Malaysia

The Potential of Sustainable Biomass Producer Gas as a Waste-to-Energy Alternative in Malaysia

Nanofibrillated celluloses for the performance improvement of ultra-high ductility cementitious composites

Modeling of the Thermal Efficiency of a Whole Cement Clinker Calcination System and Its Application on a 5000 MT/D Production Line

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